in recent years, iran has experienced high level depreciation of the nominal exchange rate (ner). the ultimate effects of such depreciation on iranian families’ welfare and income distribution have been a challenging issue among policymakers and researchers. accordingly, this study evaluates the economic effects of ner depreciation on the rice market, using spatial price equilibrium model. the ...

This paper describes a sensor dedicated to measuring the vertical profile of the complex permittivity and the temperature of any medium in which sensor electrodes are inserted. Potential applications are the estimate of the humidity and salinity in a porous medium, such as a soil. It consists of vertically-stacked capacitors along two conductive parallel cylinders of 5 cm in diameter and at a 1...

This paper describes the synthesis of a new typeof nanowires, potassium tetracyanoplatinate sesquihydrate Krogmann salt or K(def )TCP. Seed-mediated electrocrystallization nucleates and confines the K(def )TCP crystals into nanowires. Our data show that the width of K(def )TCP scales proportionally with the diameter of the seed, which is consistent with the nanoconfinement effect of the seed. K...

This paper presents a novel electrical needle integrated with microelectrodes, which can measure the electrical impedance of biotissues in real-time. The microelectrodes on the surface of a fine-needle (400 μm in diameter) were fabricated by using a flexible film photomask. This photomask allows a conformal contact with the curved surface, so the designed patterns on the photomask can be transf...

The detection and the measuring of developing damages must be accompanied by evaluation supporting ability design in terms increasing size a defect. If type damage is dominant one on further period operation, so received functional dependences can used to predict residual life designs. As illustrated casing pipes 168.3 mm diameter, where general corrosion inner surface, algorithm receive expres...

Deformation properties of venous stents based on braided design, chevron Z and diamond design are compared using in vitro experiments coupled with analytical finite element modelling. Their suitability for deployment different clinical contexts is assessed their deformation characteristics. Self-expanding stainless steel possess superior collapse resistance to Nitinol stents. Consequently, they...