Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium, Vibrio cholera. Choleragenic V. cholera O1 and O139 are the only causative agents of the disease. The two most distinguishing epidemiologic features of the disease are its tendency to appear in explosive outbreaks and its predisposition to causing pandemics that may progressively affec...

Maize is a major complimentary food for infants (0-4years) and young children (5-12years) in Nigeria. In this study, we assessed the risk of exposure of infants and young children (IYC) to some major mycotoxins in stored maize grains from five agro-ecological zones of Nigeria. The probable daily intake approach was employed to determine exposure to five mycotoxins while the margin of exposure (...

The 2006 National Census puts Nigeria's population close to 150 million. Fifty two (52) percent of which are Women and about 45% of them live in the rural areas, the highest percentage of which are in the Northern part of the Country. As a Third World Nation, the features that characterized the population in Nigeria include illiteracy, poverty, hunger, disease, and general absence of basic infr...

Background In July 2012, a clinical mentoring intervention commenced in Jigawa State through collaboration between the Jigawa State Ministry of Health and the Partnership for Transforming Health Systems Phase 2 project. After 6 months, an evaluation was undertaken to assess whether clinical mentoring has benefits for the health workforce situation within the intervention health facilities as we...

BACKGROUND According to the World Health Organization (WHO), African region accounts for 36% of deaths caused by measles worldwide. Nigeria has, over the years, recorded the highest average annual measles incidence per 100,000 populations in Africa. Measles epidemics have consistently been reported in northern Nigeria, but not in the South; reports of reduced protective haemagglutination inhibi...

Background: Despite the supply of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) drugs to public health facilities in Nigeria, the uptake of these drugs appear to have remained suboptimal with low improvement in childhood morbidity and mortality. Aim: To use a controlled study to estimate the factors affecting the uptake of ACT in public health facilities in Cross River State (CRS), Nigeria. Metho...

BACKGROUND Stunting, linear growth retardation is the best measure of child health inequalities as it captures multiple dimensions of children's health, development and environment where they live. The developmental priorities and socially acceptable health norms and practices in various regions and states within Nigeria remains disaggregated and with this, comes the challenge of being able to ...

INTRODUCTION Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk of HIV and other STI infections in Nigeria. This is because MSM are afraid to seek medical help because the healthcare workers in various facilities are afraid of the consequences if they provide services for MSM citing the law as a reason not to intervene. MSM in northern states of Nigeria are facing double-jeopardy because the...

Background: Stunting, linear growth retardation is the best measure of child health inequalities as it captures multiple dimensions of children’s health, development and environment where they live. The developmental priorities and socially acceptable health norms and practices in various regions and states within Nigeria remains disaggregated and with this, comes the challenge of being able to...

INTRODUCTION Fourteen percent of maternal deaths globally occur in Nigeria. Low utilization of maternal health services for delivery may partially explain the high maternal mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of community factors in explaining variations in the use of health facilities for delivery in Nigeria. METHODS Our sample consisted of 17,542 women aged 15-4...