We present a new method to measure the triplet exciton diffusion length in organic semiconductors. N,N'-di-[(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenyl]-1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine (NPD) has been used as a model system. Triplet excitons are injected into a thin film of NPD by a phosphorescent thin film, which is optically excited and forms a sharp interface with the NPD layer. The penetration profile of the tri...

The integration of new product development (NPD) and the supply chain (SC) has been extensively analysed by researchers as a critical means to achieve success. However, most studies have focused on the integration of NPD and upstream SC, mostly from a local perspective. This paper aims to develop a comprehensive framework to investigate the integration of the NPD process and international retai...

The purpose of this paper is to develop and illustrate a performance-centered design (PCD) methodology for finding the underlying structure of ill-defined processes and problems. The context for our theoretical exposition is the fuzzy front-end of new product development (NPD). Within the NPD process, front-end concept definition and selection is central to a firm’s innovation capability becaus...

Product development becomes increasingly collaborative and knowledge-intensive in today’s industry. To gain competitive advantage an effective usage of information systems in new product development (NPD) is needed. Social software applications indicate further potential for usage in NPD, the so called “Product Development 2.0”, which is poorly understood in research so far. The purpose of this...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of periocular allergic skin reactions to topical neomycin, polymyxin B, and dexamethasone (NPD) ophthalmic ointment. METHODS A consecutive patient prospective study was performed. A total of 522 patients who had a procedure involving incision of the periocular skin with subsequent postoperative application of NPD ophthalmic ointment we...

HDLs have been proposed to have antiatherogenic properties because of their role in reverse cholesterol transport as lipid acceptors. To elucidate the phospholipid profile of these particles, we used electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to examine the phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM) composition of HDLs purified from plasma and nascently generated in vitro from fibroblasts. ...

In many instances, customers are seen as one of the key resources for new product development (NPD), as they often have deep product knowledge as well as experience and creativity potential gained by regular product usage. From knowledge management perspective, customers’ input to NPD is manifested in different forms of knowledge. Customers’ input to NPD typically reflects their needs and desir...

Research on outsourcing normally focuses outsourcing of production and often uses largefirms as sample. Only a few studies address the outsourcing of knowledge intense activities asnew product development (NPD) and especially in a SME context. Our earlier research inSwedish SMEs indicates that outsourcing of NPD is frequent in SMEs and that there is a lackof knowledge on the phe...

This study investigates the extent to which the Rorschach was able to identify accurately pathological expressions of narcissism according to the methodological recommendations offered by T. Nezworski and J. Wood (1995). Ninety-one patients who were found to meet DSM-IV criteria for an Axis II disorder (Cluster A personality disorders = 10; antisocial = 20, borderline = 25, histrionic = 5, narc...

Various empirical studies investigate the correlation between diversity and innovativeness in New Product Development teams (NPD teams). However, those studies show various and contradicting results. Diversity can be a resource that helps to strengthen the innovativeness of a NPD team. On the other hand, diversity can act as a risk that leads to diminished team cohesiveness and thus obstructs i...