purpose: superior oblique palsy is a common cause of paralytic strabismus. this disorder causes diplopia, head posture and facial asymmetry. this retrospective study reviews patient with superior oblique (so) palsy operated at labbafinejad medical center from 1997 to 2007. methods: in this descriptive study, records of patients with so palsy scheduled for surgery were reviewed. forced duction t...

Orifice-weir structures at ditch outlets are proposed to reduce peak drainage rates during high flows and to store water during the growing season in poorly drained managed pine plantations. Two coastal watersheds, one conventionally drained (D1) and another with an orifice-weir outlet (D3), were monitored to examine the effects of this orifice treatment on drainage outflows and nutrient export...

Side weir is one of the structures which are widely used in water engineering projects So study on the flow characteristics especially discharge coefficient (Cdsw ) of this type of weir is important. Several Empirical formulas proposed to calculate the Cdsw that they usually associated with significant errors. Thus, using mathematical methods based on artificial intelligence is inevitable. Arti...