Exposure to the underwater environment for occupational or recreational purposes is increasing. As estimated, there are around 7 million divers active worldwide and 300,000 more divers in Korea. The underwater and hyperbaric environment presents a number of risks to the diver. Injuries from these hazards include barotrauma, decompression sickness, toxic effects of hyperbaric gases, drowning, hy...

Biological monitoring (BM) and biomarkers are widely applied in occupational toxicology. BM is mainly aimed at (i) defining the existence of an occupational exposure; (ii) quantifying the level of internal dose; (iii) verifying that exposure limits (BEI((R)), BAT, BLV) are respected. As compared to ambient monitoring, BM is more expensive and complex. Several biomarkers are available for the sa...

Working youths face many safety and health risks. Among these risks are those posed by disinfectant exposures. In this study we describe acute occupational disinfectant-related illness among youth. Data on U.S. children younger than 18 years with acute occupational disinfectant-related illnesses between 1993 and 1998 were collected from the Toxic Exposure Surveillance System and from the Califo...

In its 1980 benzene decision [Industrial Union Department, ALF-CIO v. American Petroleum Institute, 448 U.S. 607 (1980)], the Supreme Court ruled that "before he can promulgate any permanent health or safety standard, the Secretary [of Labor] is required to make a threshold finding that a place of employment is unsafe--in the sense that significant risks are present and can be lessened by a cha...

Controlling hygiene conditions and the state of health on incoming vessels and in ports are the tasks of port health authorities. In Hamburg, the respective department (also responsible for the local airport) is combined with the research department Maritime Medicine. Both departments represent the Hamburg Port Health Center and are part of the Central Institute and Professorship of Occupationa...

in a recent issue of the asia pacific journal of medical toxicology (apjmt), the importance of empowering medical toxicology in the asia pacific region has been discussed. in the editorial by dr. afshari, it has been stated that national societies of medical toxicology are important infrastructure for the development of medical toxicology, and the asia pacific association of medical toxicology ...

background the treatment of posterior eye diseases is always challenging mainly due to inaccessibility of the region. many drugs are currently delivered by repeated intraocular injections. objectives the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential applications of natural triglycerides as alternative carriers to synthetic polymers in terms of drug release profile and also biocompatibi...

last editorial of the asia pacific journal of medical toxicology addressed the important role of poison control centers in the improvement of public health (1). in vietnam, poison control center (pcc) of bach mai hospital has been the only national one for civilians. the establishment and activities of this center can be considered as one of the pioneers in the east asia. history and setting (2...

Human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by dermal route is a continuing concern in environmental occupational toxicology. Diverse authors have measured vitro the absorption flux permeability coefficient (kP) of those compounds delivered on skin surface using volatile solvents. However, there isn’t harmonized method obtain kP when test sub...