background: with the introduction of computed tomography in diagnostic radiology a new and fundamentally different imaging modality has become available. meanwhile, it is clear that the absorbed doses by the patients during ct were relatively high in comparison with those of other diagnostic radiology techniques. the aim of this survey was to determine the average absorbed dose in yazd province...

The accurate, reliable and efficient numerical approximation of multi-physics processes in heterogeneous porous media with varying media coefficients that include fluid flow and structure interactions is of fundamental importance in energy, environmental, petroleum and biomedical engineering applications fields for instance. Important applications include subsurface compaction drive, carbon seq...

Nuclear forces (also known as nuclear interactions or strong forces) are the forces that act between two or more nucleons. They bind protons and neutrons (“nucleons”) into atomic nuclei. The nuclear force is about 10 millions times stronger than the chemical binding that holds atoms together in molecules. This is the reason why nuclear reactors produce about a million times more energy per kilo...

A summary of the most recent and important measurements in b physics is presented. The production of beauty particles in Z decays, b quark couplings, lifetimes, B-B0 oscillations, semileptonic b decays and studies of the number of charm quarks produced in b decays are reviewed. Extraction of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements |Vtd|, |Vcb|, |Vub| and implication for |Vts| are di...

Emulsions are omnipresent in the food industry, health care, and chemical synthesis. In this Letter dynamics of metastable oil-water emulsions highly turbulent (1011?Ta?3×1013) Taylor-Couette flow, far from equilibrium, is investigated. By varying oil-in-water void fraction, catastrophic phase inversion between water-in-oil can be triggered, changing morphology, including droplet sizes, rheolog...

quantum theory poses itself to be a challenging counterpart to the intelligent design argument. quantum physics founded upon uncertainty, probability and statistics has exerted great influence since its inception on the philosophical thinking of man. the findings of this theory has helped bring about a dramatic transformation in the notion of ‘order in nature.’ in modern physics, it is hardly p...