Transgenic (Tg) mice overexpressing human wild-type alpha-synuclein in oligodendrocytes under the control of the 2,' 3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) promoter are shown here to recapitulate features of multiple system atrophy (MSA), including the accumulation of filamentous human alpha-synuclein aggregates in oligodendrocytes linked to their degeneration and autophagocytosis of m...

The new population of oligodendrocytes remyelinating an experimental demyelinating optic nerve lesion has been tracked backwards in time. Using autoradiography combined with electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry, serial sections of optic nerves from young adult cats were studied from 42 h (2 days) post-injection to 93 h (4 days) post-injection. The remyelinating oligodendrocyte lineage wa...

The expression of neural cell adhesion molecules and myelin-specific molecules is precisely regulated according to cell type and developmental age. We investigated whether different isoforms of these molecules change during development of oligodendrocytes. Immature oligodendrocytes cultured from embryonic day 18 rat cerebrum were distinguished into early stage and late stage by morphological an...

Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Myelin is formed by extensive wrapping of oligodendroglial processes around axonal segments, which ultimately allows a rapid saltatory conduction of action potentials within the CNS and sustains neuronal health. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase Fyn is an important signaling molecule in oligodendrocytes. It con...

Oligodendrocytes and myelin play essential roles in the vertebrate central nervous system. Demyelination disrupts saltatory nerve conduction, leading to axonal degeneration and neurological disabilities. Remyelination is a regenerative process that replaces lost myelin. However, remyelination is disrupted in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, at least partially, due to the failu...

Cover Illustration: Confocal image of a cerebellar slice depleted its endogenous oligodendrocytes and transplanted with OPCs (oligodendrocyte precursor cells). Exogenous effectively differentiate form myelin sheaths (MBP+, rainbow pseudo-color) around Purkinje cell axons (CaBP+, grey) after 3 days co-culture. (See Bouslama-Oueghlani, L., et al, https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.24001.)