INTRODUCTION Due to their scale, the Olympic and Paralympic Games have the potential to place significant strain on local health services. The Sydney 2000, Athens 2004, Beijing 2008, Vancouver 2010, and London 2012 Olympic host cities shared their experiences by publishing reports describing health care arrangements. HYPOTHESIS Olympic planning reports were compared to highlight best practice...

Executive Summary One thousand telephone interviews were conducted in the six western Washington counties of Clallam, King, Kitsap, Pierce, Snohomish, and Thurston. Two research questions addressed in the telephone survey included: 1) the amount of spatial and temporal displacement due to crowding at Mount Rainier and Olympic national parks; and 2) the differences between displaced and non-disp...

Author Disclosure Drs Hellström-Westas, Rosén, and de Vries have been involved in development or testing of the instruments (BrainZ [BrainZ Instruments Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand], Olympic 6000 [Olympic Medical, Seattle, Washington], and Nervus Monitor [Viasys, Nicolet Biomedical, Madison, Wisconsin]) from which records are shown in this article. None has an economic interest in the production ...

Protection of the athletes' health is a clearly articulated objective of the International Olympic Committee. Longitudinal surveillance of injuries and illnesses can provide valuable data that may identify high-risk sports and disciplines. This is a foundation for introducing tailored preventive measures. During the XXIX Summer and XXI Winter Games, comprehensive injury and illness recording th...

In the decision-making literature, it is known that preferences between two options can be influenced in different ways by the introduction of a third option. We investigated whether such influences could be demonstrated when making decisions about qualitative aspects of episodic memories. In a baseline condition, participants were asked which of two dissimilar events they remembered more vivid...

Today's overall grasp and prediction of the trend changes in sports scores, led this study to carry out the discussion that the athletes’ obtaining reasonable suggestion is particularly important to fundamentally improve the comprehensive quality of track and field athletes performance. The Olympic Games is the big games, and the ‘stand or fall’ of achievements is the only measure of players pe...

[1] During the 2008 Olympic and Paralympic Games in Beijing (from 8 August to 17 September), local authorities enforced strong measures to reduce air pollution during the events. To evaluate the direct effect of these measures, we use the tropospheric NO2 column observations from the satellite instruments GOME-2 and OMI. We interpret these data against simulations from the regional chemistry tr...