This paper presents a novel framework of modeling crushable granular materials under mechanical loadings based on the discrete element method (DEM). The is featured with construction one-to-one model in which every particle physical experiment has its own numerical twin and allows irregular shaped fragments during continuous breakage process. First, image processing techniques spherical harmoni...

one of the most dazzling events in the atmosphere is lightning. during updrafts in the life cycle of cumulus clouds, collision of graupels and ice crystals in the presence of liquid water results in vertical separation of electrical charges and lightning. there are four types of lightening depending on the location of discharge. the first type is cloud-to-ground lightning or fork lightning that...

An image based model reconstruction system is described. Real images of a rigid object acquired under a simple but controlled environment are used to recover the three dimensional geometry and the surface appearance. Proposed system enables robustly modeling of small artifacts with high resolution geometry and surface appearance. Such artifacts may have handles, holes, concavities, cracks, etc....

time–area method is one of the most widely applied techniques of watershed routing, and can be potentially used as a distributed model. in this paper, a fundamental flaw in the arrangement of subareas in the original time-area histogram is identified for one-dimensional flow. this is conducted on the basis of comparing time-area hydrograph with that of the kinematic wave theorem. accordingly, a...

the main objective in this paper is creating a method for one-dimensional modeling of multi stage axial flow turbine. the calculation used in this technique is based on common thermodynamics and aerodynamics principles in a mean stream line analyses. in this approach, loss models have to be used to determine the entropy increase across each section in the turbine stage. finally, the analysis an...

In the last decades, helicopter-borne electromagnetic (HEM) method became a focus of interest in the fields of mineral exploration, geological mapping, groundwater resource investigation and environmental monitoring. As a standard approach, researchers use 1-D inversion of the acquired HEM data to recover the conductivity/resistivity-depth models. Since the relation between HEM data and model ...

in this paper two nodes to model isotropic and anisotropic media in transmission line matrix method (tlm) are presented. by using these two nodes, the permeability and permittivity of an anisotropic media can be modeled simultaneously. another application of these nodes is in modeling media with permittivity and permeability less than one. in the conventional 2 dimensional tlm, the stubs repres...