Neither arbitrary horses, nor intentional lions, nor generic unicorns are animals, and would-be assistents do not have to be assistents.2 In fact, one may well wonder just what sort of objects the paraphrases in (0') are supposed to be about. Given their dubious ontological status, an analysis of (0) that can do without them ought to be preferrable to one along the lines of (0') – ceteris parib...

Byzantine-fault-tolerant service protocols like Q/U and FaB Paxos that optimistically order requests can provide increased efficiency and fault scalability. However, these protocols require n ≥ 5b + 1 servers (where b is the maximum number of faults tolerated), owing to their use of opaque Byzantine quorum systems; this is 2b more servers than required by some non-optimistic protocols. In this ...

Code obfuscation and software watermarking are well known techniques designed to prevent the illegal reuse of software. Code obfuscation prevents malicious reverse engineering, while software watermarking protects code from piracy. An interesting class of algorithms for code obfuscation and software watermarking relies on the insertion of opaque predicates. It turns out that attackers based on ...

The human fungal pathogen Candida albicans undergoes white-opaque phenotypic switching, which enhances its adaptation to host niches. Switching is controlled by a transcriptional regulatory network of interlocking feedback loops acting on the transcription of WOR1, the master regulator of white-opaque switching, but regulation of the network on the translational level is not yet explored. Here,...

We present the first reported case of the treatment and management of a giant bulla using percutaneous bullectomy and endobronchial valve placement. A 74-year-old woman with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a known large bulla in the left chest presented to the emergency department with acute-onset confusion after a traumatic fall. She was subsequently diagnosed with an intracranial he...

We report a challenging case of a newborn with a massive anterior mediastinal teratoma (MT), occupying nearly the right hemithorax, presenting at birth with life threatening respiratory distress (RD). Optimal approach and outcome was achieved with a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach.

Discovered over a decade ago, white-opaque switching in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans is an alternation between two quasistable, heritable transcriptional states. Here, we show that white-opaque switching and sexual mating are both controlled by mating type locus homeodomain proteins and that opaque cells mate approximately 10(6) times more efficiently than do white cells. These re...

Opaque colony variants of two strains of group A streptococci have been compared with blue colonies of the same strains by electron microscopy. In opaque colonies, the cocci are joined into elongated chains by exaggerated intercellular septa that often occupy the major portion of each cell's circumference. The thickness and lamination of cell walls in opaque colony variants are identical to tho...

3 results of this exercise tend to indicate that core mesh networks will remain opaque for some time. This column then explores the potential opportunity for cost reduction and scalability by introducing transparent switches in opaque networks. However, several challenges, both in technology and in network architecture, will have to be addressed before one can achieve the potential benefits of ...