good papers are usually recognized quickly by the scientific community, often achieving citation rates higher than those of high-impact journals. Furthermore, the strict page limits of high-impact journals can force authors to omit valuable information [1], sometimes reducing the reach and citation rate of a paper. A rejection also forces a scientist to spend time revising and resubmitting, ins...

OBJECTIVE When used to prolong life without achieving a benefit meaningful to the patient, critical care is often considered "futile." Although futile treatment is acknowledged as a misuse of resources by many, no study has evaluated its opportunity cost, that is, how it affects care for others. Our objective was to evaluate delays in care when futile treatment is provided. DESIGN For 3 month...

Two general algorithms based on opportunity costs are given for approximating a revenue-maximizing set of bids an auctioneer should accept, in a combinatorial auction in which each bidder offers a price for some subset of the available goods and the auctioneer can only accept non-intersecting bids. Since this problem is difficult even to approximate in general, the algorithms are most useful wh...

24 Recent interest has focused on a class of decision problems in which subjects encounter options serially and 25 must decide when to leave an option in search of a better one, rather than directly comparing simultaneously 26 presented options. Although such problems have a rich history in animal foraging and economics, relatively 27 little is known about their neural substrates. Suggestively,...

In practice, the supplier often offers the retailers a trade credit period M and the retailer in turn provides a trade credit period N to her/his customer to stimulate sales and reduce inventory. From the retailer’s perspective, granting trade credit not only increases sales and revenue but also increases opportunity cost (i.e., the capital opportunity loss during credit period) and defau...

Leptospirosis is a serious public health concern in the Philippines, not only because of its increasing incidence rate, but also because of its significant health and economic impacts. Despite its relatively high seroprevalence, knowledge on the economic burden of disease, particularly on the value that the society places on disease prevention remains limited. Obtaining such information is impo...

The target article highlights the role of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in conflict monitoring, but ACC function may be better understood in terms of the hierarchical organization of behavior. This proposal suggests that the ACC selects extended goal-directed actions according to their learned costs and benefits and executes those behaviors subject to depleting resources.

With very advanced technology, a very large population of people living happy lives could be sustained in the accessible region of the universe. For every year that development of such technologies and colonization of the universe is delayed, there is therefore a corresponding opportunity cost: a potential good, lives worth living, is not being realized. Given some plausible assumptions, this c...

The objective of this study was to provide a method for estimating the opportunity cost of meeting selected sustainable ecosystem objectives on the Olympic National Forest in Washington State. The Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) was used to simulate several silvicultural management regimes. Soil expectation values (SEVs) were calculated using the FVS system and CHEAPO II, a silvicultural and ...