When an optical pulse propagates along an optical fibre, different wavelengths travel at different group velocities. As a result, wavelength information is converted into arrival-time information, a process known as wavelength-to-time mapping. This phenomenon is most cleanly observed using a single-mode fibre transmission line, where spatial mode dispersion is not present, but the use of such f...

In this work, we outline an automated method for the extraction and quantification of material parameters characterizing collagen fibre orientations from two-dimensional images. Morphological collagen data among different length scales were obtained by combining the established methods of Fourier power spectrum analysis, wedge filtering and progressive regions of interest splitting. Our propose...

One of the most successful techniques for generating highenergy femtosecond laser pulses directly out of an oscillator without external amplification is based on intracavity pulse broadening due to a net positive roundtrip group-delay dispersion. The main disadvantage of this concept, however, is the need to have an external compressor, often a pair of prisms separated by an optical path length...

Introduction: An add-drop multiplexer (ADM) is one of the key elements in optical time division multiplexed (OTDM) networks. Various methods of performing OTDM add-drop have been demonstrated. Recently add-drop operation at 16 10 Gbit=s has been demonstrated with the use of a gain transparent ultrafast nonlinear interferometer (GT-UNI) [1] switch and at 4 40 Gbit=s with travelling-wave electroa...

In Malaysia, fiber cable is commonly installed underground or overhead. Once optical fibre cable is installed either underground or over-head, there is no physical maintenance implemented. The only maintenance on fibre cable is the monitoring of optical fibre attenuation. Bend loss affects the attenuation and any bending cable that contributes to the bend loss remains unmaintained since there i...

We propose and demonstrate a Multiwavelength Brillouin Bismuth/Erbium Fibre Laser (MBBEFL) with the ability to control the number of wavelength channels generated. A multi-wavelength comb output is obtained using a 7.7 km DCF as a non linear gain medium to generate Stokes wavelengths through the process of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS). The DCF is pumped by a Raman pump source at 400 mW...

Introduction: Tunable dispersion compensation is becoming inevitable for fibre-optic communication systems. Important applications include replacing conventional dispersion compensating fibres (DCFs) in long-haul transmissions, compensating residual dispersion after the DCF to meet the tight dispersion tolerances required in 40 Gbit=s and above based networks, and compensating thermallyinduced ...

The achievable information rates of optical communication systems using ultra-wide bandwidth 100-nm distributed Raman amplification have been investigated for each individual subchannels, based on the first-order perturbative analysis of nonlinear distortions. Introduction To date, optical fibre communications have achieved unprecedented growth and success over the past three decades and now st...

In this paper, a newly proposed analytical scheme by the authors namely the improved di erential transform method is employed to provide an explicit series solution to the Thomas Fermi equation. The solution procedure is very straightforward, requiring merely elementary operations together with di erentiation, and ends up in a recursive formula involving the Adomian polynomials to a ord the unk...