OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the penetration depth of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) into root dentinal tubules and the influence of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty freshly extracted anterior teeth were decoronated and instrumented using Mtwo rotary files up to size 40, 4% taper. The samples were random...

infiltration in furrow irrigation is 2-d which depends on both time and surface characteristics at which infiltration occurs. however, in many furrow irrigation models, infiltration is determined as a function of infiltration time opportunity, assuming the variation of weted perimeter is low along furrow. in order to compare the proposed asumptions, two zero-inertia furrow irrigation models wer...

Freshwater resources are scarce in desert regions. Highly saline groundwater of different salinity is being used to drip irrigate the Taklimakan Desert Highway Shelterbelt with a double-branch-pipe system controlling the irrigation cycles. In this study, to evaluate the dynamics of soil moisture and salinity under the current irrigation system, soil samples were collected to a 2-m depth in the ...

This paper addresses the following problem in networked control: ‘‘If a control law is implemented over a channel that supports a certain fixed bit rate what is the best choice for the control update rate and, consequently, the number of bits carried in each sample?’’ A restricted architecture in which linear filters are used for the encoder/decoder is considered and a quantizer with linear fee...

the extensive use of pesticides in agriculture is compromising soil and water quality. one major concern is protecting water resources from contamination. the main objective of this research was measuring 2,4- d in a silty clay soil and simulating temporal transportation of this herbicide in soil using a leachp model, in a corn root zone field. 2,4- d was applied at 3.5 kg a.i./ha, followed by ...

high groundwater salinity, a high water table and secondary soil salinization are dominant conditions in eastern isfahan province, iran. this region has a low annual rainfall, high annual evaporation demand, saline soils and limited fresh water supplies. to investigate the effects of irrigation deficit and salinity on cantaloupe (cucumis melo l. var. cantalupensis) production, a field experimen...

Local wound debridement in the diseased pulp space is the main step in root canal treatment to prevent the tooth from being a source of infection. Successful root canal therapy is always based on the combination of proper instrumentation, irrigation and obturation of the root canal. Of these three essential steps of root canal therapy, irrigation of the root canal is the most important techniqu...

This paper presents a global reduction algorithm for wormhole-routed 2D meshes. Well-known reduction algorithms that are optimized for short vectors have complexity O(M log N), where N = nn is the number of nodes, and M the vector length. Algorithms suitable for long vectors have complexity O(p N +M). Previously known asymptotically optimal algorithms with complexity O(log N + M) incur inherent...