A portfolio problem with integer variables can facilitate the use of complex models, including models containing discrete asset values, transaction costs, and logical constraints. This study proposes a distributed algorithm for solving a portfolio program to obtain a global optimum. For a portfolio problem with n integer variables, the objective function first is converted into an ellipse funct...

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A number of estimation of distribution algorithms have been proposed that do not use explicitly crossover and mutation of traditional genetic algorithms, but estimate the distribution of population for more efficient search. But because it is not easy to discover higher-order correlations of variables, lower-order correlations are estimated most cases under various constraints. In this paper, w...

The main purpose of this paper is to develop a new optimum output quantity decision analysis of a duopoly market under a fuzzy decision environment. To efficiently handle the fuzziness of the decision variables, the linguistic values, subjectively represented by the trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, are used to act as the evaluation tool of decision variables such as fixed cost and unit variable cost....

Alkaline lipase production by mutant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 10,055 was optimized in shake flask batch fermentation using response surface methodology. An empirical model was developed through Box-Behnken experimental design to describe the relationship among tested variables (pH, temperature, castor oil, starch and triton-X-100). The second-order quadratic model determined the op...

of Section II Section II, "A Comparative Study of Heuristic Reliability Optimization Methods" investigates the effectiveness of a mixed-integer programming method. This method is a combination of the heuristic redundancy method and the sequential search method. The heuristic method determines the integer variables (number of redundancies) by assuming that the real variables (reliability level) ...

Concurrent programming is often more challenging than sequential programming, however. Many of these challenges arise from the need to serialize access to shared resources. In particular, threads that run concurrently can access the same other objects or variables simultaneously and potentially corrupt these objects' and variables' internal state. Therefore, code that should not execute concurr...

• Section 10.1 Proportions — Goodness-of-fit • Section 10.2 2 × 2 tables — test of equality of population proportions • Section 10.3 2 × 2 tables — test of independence of categorical variables • Section 10.4 2 × 2 tables — Fisher’s exact test • Section 10.5 r × k tables • Section 10.6 Applicability — when are the methods valid? • Section 10.7 Confidence intervals for differences in porportions...