For more than three years, the GRACE pair of satellites have been orbiting the Earth, monitoring the time variable mass distribution for scales ranging from regional to global. The GRACE data have been released for a broad scientific community and sets of gravity fields are available. This paper shows that there are evidences at interrannual 5 time scales for the presence of ENSO signal in the ...

17 JANUARY 2003 VOL 299 SCIENCE www.sciencemag.org 336 C RE D IT :C A LV IN J .H A M IL TO N The four large Galilean satellites of Jupiter look like a doll’s version of our solar system. But planetary scientists now doubt that the two systems could have formed in the same way. According to the conventional view, the jovian system got its start when Jupiter was still in the midst of forming. All...

Abstract-Current techniques for cyclone detectionCurrent techniques for cyclone detection and tracking employ NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) models from in-situ measurements. This solution does not provide global coverage, unlike remote satellite observations. However it is impractical to use a single Earth orbiting satellite to detect and track events such as cyclones in ...

We describe a new version of the SHELLS model, which specifies outer electron belt environment as observed by Van Allen Probes using Kp Index and data from Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellites Meteorological satellites inputs. The updated model combines radial, angular energy dependence into single neural network, allowing for specification set user input energy, L-shell Bmirror ...

Thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing of landsurface temperature (LST) provides valuable information about the sub-surface moisture status required for estimating evapotranspiration (ET) and detecting the onset and severity of drought. While empirical indices measuring anomalies in LST and vegetation amount (e.g., as quantified by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; NDVI) have demonstra...

The general relativistic gravitomagnetic clock effect consists in the fact that two massive test bodies orbiting a central spinning mass in its equatorial plane along two identical circular trajectories, but in opposite directions, take different times in describing a full revolution with respect to an asymptotically inertial observer. In the field of the Earth such time shift amounts to 10−7 s...

One of the most enduring and frustrating mysteries in astrophysics is the nature of the cosmic gamma-ray burst (GRB). GRB’s were first reported in the 1970’s, and since then have been observed from over a dozen different satellites. Two recently launched satellites have revolutionized this field. One, the most sensitive, is known as the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO). This orbiting observ...