Clostridium difficileisa binding warm-positive rod and anaerobic organism, which was first described in 1935 as Bacillus difficile. Epidemiology of CDI has changed considerably on 2000. Occurrence and severity of the disease  including ulcerative colitis(inflammation of the colon), colectomy(colon section) and mortality had increased. Recent studies have reported Clostridium difficile prevalenc...

________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract The objective was to determine the growth responses of Black Neck ostrich chicks to different dietary levels of L-carnitine in pre-starter diets. Thirty-two day-old ostrich chicks were randomly divided into four treatments with four replicates, each containing two chicks. All birds received the same basal ...

The complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecule of the ostrich, Struthio camelus, was sequenced. The size of the molecule is 16,591 nucleotides. Since the ostrich represents the paleognathous birds, comparison with the mtDNA of the neognathous chicken, the only avian species reported so far in databases, made it possible to identify common and, probably, general avian mtDNA characteristics. Rel...

(2021). A southern perspective on urban birds. Ostrich: Vol. 92, SPECIAL ISSUE: African birds, pp. iii-v.

  Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is known as one of the most important endemic viral pathogen for various avian species such as ostrich, in Iran. Therefore, establishing a routine vaccination program against ND in ostrich flocks would be useful in order to reduce the danger of this infection. Newcastle disease occurs among the ostriches and leads to high rate of mortality while most of the losse...

in order to perform a histomorphometric study of blood cells in male adult ostrich, blood samples were obtained from jugular vein of 10 clinically healthy male adult ostriches (2 - 3 years old). the slides were stained with the giemsa methods and the smears were evaluated for cellular morphology, with cellular size being determined by micrometry. the findings of this study revealed that the sha...

BACKGROUND: The Ostrich is an interesting subject concerninganimal evolution and morphology studies. It has been speculatedthat ostrich eyes would have distinct tissue structures and this hasnot been previously studied in detail. OBJECTIVES: The aim of thepresent study was to investigate the histology of the outer layer ofthe ostrich. METHODS: Ten mature ostriches were chosen from anostrich bre...