The use of a directional overcurrent protection relay (DOPR) to protect an electrical power system is crucial instrument for keeping the dynamic and avoiding undue interruption. coordination DOPR’s primary backup relays modelled as highly constrained optimization problem. goal determine ideal value that will reduce overall working time all relays. accomplished by particle swarm hybridization (H...

In this paper, Ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple access relay channel with correlated noises at the relay and receiver is investigated. We obtain outer and inner bounds for the IEEE 802.15.3a UWB multiple access relay channel, and also, a diversity gain bound. Finally, we evaluate some results numerically and show that noise correlation coefficients play important role in determining relay position.

To handle the challenges attributed to distributed generators, protection system of distribution networks needs be evolved. Recent schemes modify standard characteristics overcurrent relays, called non-standard characteristics. These are mostly case-dependent and have limitations in solving variety generators. This paper analyses performance six voltage-based on photovoltaic generators (PVDG) p...

<span lang="EN-US">Due to the growing penetration of distributed generators (DGs), that are based on renewable energy, into distribution network, it is necessary address coordination directional overcurrent relays (DOCR) in presence these generators. This problem has been solved by many metaheuristic optimization techniques obtain optimal relay parameters and have an protection considerin...

Multi-terminal flexible DC distribution line faults develop rapidly, and power electronic equipment has a poor ability to withstand overcurrent. To solve the aforementioned problem, unit protection scheme based on improved Grey Slope Relational Analysis (GSRA) of fault currents is proposed address issue achieving balance between reliability speed relay for lines. This uses current measured at b...

DC microgrids have advantages over AC in terms of system efficiency, cost, and size. However, a well-designed overcurrent protection approach for remains challenge. Recognizing this, this paper presents novel differential evolution (DE) based framework microgrids. First, simplified microgrid model is adopted to provide the analytical basis DE algorithm. The does not sacrifice performance criter...

In this paper, an interval approach is presented to achieve perfect selectivity and maximum sensitivity in distance relay zones, considering uncertainties. For this purpose, first, the uncertainties affecting the settings of the three zones of a distance relay are discussed. Then, by using the Monte-Carlo simulation, the uncertainties are modelled and the impedances seen by the distance relay a...