aim and background: remote ischemic preconditioning introduces brief episodes of ischemia and reperfusion which reduces long term ischemia in orthopaedic surgery. the aim of this study was to evaluate hemodynamic and respiratory effects of remote ischemic preconditioning in lower extremity orthopaedic surgeries. methods: in this clinical trial 40 patients scheduled for lower extremity surgery w...

BACKGROUND Respiratory muscle unloading during exercise could improve locomotor muscle oxygenation by increasing oxygen delivery (higher cardiac output and/or arterial oxygen content) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS Sixteen non-hypoxaemic men (forced expiratory volume in 1 s 42.2 (13.9)% predicted) undertook, on different days, two constant work rate (70...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation using a protocol designed to recruit and maintain optimal lung volume in patients with severe adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). SETTING Surgical and medical intensive care units in a tertiary care, military teaching hospital. DESIGN A prospective, clinical study. PATIENTS Seventeen patie...

OBJECTIVE Video-assisted thoracic surgery followed by fast-track rehabilitation has been claimed to accelerate physiological recovery after lung lobectomy for cancer; however, we are still uncertain when the exercise and oxygenation capacity recover and how to determine the rehabilitation time required by each patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rehabilitation time after this typ...

This study examined the effects of maximal incremental exercise on cerebral oxygenation in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) subjects. Furthermore, we tested the hypothesis that CFS subjects have a reduced oxygen delivery to the brain during exercise. Six female CFS and eight control (CON) subjects (similar in height, weight, body mass index and physical activity level) performed an incremental cy...

Background Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is commonly associated with pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension (PH). PH associated with CDH (CDH-PH) is frequently resistant to conventional pulmonary vasodilator therapy including inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) possibly due to right and left ventricular dysfunction. Milrinone is an intravenous inotrope and lusitrope with pulmonary vasod...

During heavy exercise, hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia leads to cerebral vasoconstriction, resulting in a reduction in cerebral blood flow (CBF). A reduction in CBF would impair cerebral O2 delivery and potentially account for reduced exercise performance in hypoxia. We tested the hypothesis that end-tidal Pco2 (PETCO2) clamping in hypoxic exercise would prevent the hypocapnia-induced reduc...

BACKGROUND Mild hypercapnia is permitted during surgeries in sitting position under general anesthesia to maintain cerebral regional oxygen saturation (rSO2). However, since hypoventilation may cause gas exchange impairment, we evaluated effects of mild hypercapnia on lung oxygenation during shoulder arthroscopy in sitting position. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty patients were randomly allocated to...

IMPORTANCE Lung ultrasonography (LUS) is a bedside technique useful to diagnose neonatal respiratory problems, but, to our knowledge, no data are available about its use for monitoring lung function or eventually guiding surfactant therapy. OBJECTIVE To determine the diagnostic accuracy of a neonatal-adapted LUS score to evaluate oxygenation and predict need for surfactant administration. D...

The effect of prophylactic administration of ibuprofen on the cerebral circulation in preterm babies was measured with near infrared spectroscopy. No significant difference in the change in cerebral blood volume, change in cerebral blood flow, or tissue oxygenation index was found between administration of ibuprofen or placebo.