Chinese bayberry (Morella rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) fruit have a diverse flavonoid composition responsible for the various medicinal activities, including anti-diabetes. In the present study, efficient simultaneous purification of four flavonoid glycosides, i.e., cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (1), myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside (2), quercetin-3-O-galactoside (3), quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (4), from Chinese baybe...

The Asn-linked oligosaccharides on the glycoprotein hormones lutropin (LH) and thyrotropin terminate with the sequence SO4-4GalNAcpl-4GlcNAc@1-2 Mana-. Using a chemically synthesized trisaccharide GalNAc@1-4GlcNAc~l-2Manal-O(CH2)8COOCH3 (GGnM-MCO), we have developed a sensitive assay for the sulfotransferase responsible for the 4-0-sulfation of the terminal 6-D-GalNAc. GGnM-MCO is incubated wi...

The major N-linked carbohydrate structures were determined for recombinant human plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). The analysis of the structure of oligosaccharides by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) and linkage analysis was preceded by reduction and carboxymethylation of the intact glycoproteins and digestion with trypsin and proline specific endopeptidase. T...

This paper proposes a MEMS-based sensor array enabling multiple clot-time tests for plasma in one disposable microfluidic cartridge. The versatile LoC (Lab-on-Chip) platform technology is demonstrated here for real-time coagulation tests (activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) and Prothrombin Time (PT)). The system has a reader unit and a disposable cartridge. The reader has no electrical...

Three of seven recently identified genes mutated in nonsyndromic mental retardation are involved in Rho family signaling. Two of the gene products, alpha-p-21-activated kinase (PAK) interacting exchange factor (alphaPIX) and PAK3, form a complex with the synaptic adaptor protein G-protein-coupled receptor kinase-interacting protein 1 (GIT1). Using an RNA interference approach, we show that GIT1...

The diagnosis of pigmented actinic keratosis (PAK) is often challenging because of overlapping features with lentigo maligna. OBJECTIVE To investigate dermoscopic patterns of PAK according to their different evolutionary stages, and to correlate the pattern with clinical characteristics of the patients. METHODS Descriptive and analytical study of 232 PAK. Dermoscopic patterns were divided i...

The role of epithelial polarity and bacterial factors in the control of the innate immune response of airway epithelial cells to Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAK was investigated using a human, nasal cystic fibrosis (DeltaF508/DeltaF508) epithelial cell line CF15 grown as confluent layers on permeable supports. Addition of PAK to the basal surface of CF15 layers caused significant expression changes ...

Neutrophils serve as a first line of defense in innate immunity owing in part to their ability to rapidly migrate towards chemotactic factors derived from invading pathogens. As a migratory function, neutrophil chemotaxis is regulated by the Rho family of small GTPases. However, the mechanisms by which Rho GTPases orchestrate cytoskeletal dynamics in migrating neutrophils remain ill-defined. In...

p21-Activated kinases (PAKs) are regulators of cell motility and proliferation. PAK activity is regulated in part by phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1). We hypothesized that reduced PAK activity was involved in the effects of 2-amino-N-{4-[5-(2-phenanthrenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-phenyl} acetamide (OSU-03012), a previously characterized PDK1 inhibitor derived from celeco...

OBJECTIVE Children and adults with type 1 diabetes who receive insulin pump therapy have reported hypoglycemia during air travel. We studied the effects of atmospheric pressure on insulin pump delivery. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ten insulin pumps were connected to capillary tubes. The effects of changes in ambient pressure on insulin delivery, bubble formation, bubble size, and cartridge pl...