Epidural stimulation (ES) of the lumbosacral spinal cord has been used to facilitate standing and voluntary movement after clinically motor-complete spinal-cord injury. It seems of importance to examine how the epidurally evoked potentials are modulated in the spinal circuitry and projected to various motor pools. We hypothesized that chronically implanted electrode arrays over the lumbosacral ...

Clinical instability is an important cause of low back pain. Although there is some controversy concerning its definition, it is most widely believed that the loss of normal pattern of spinal motion causes pain and/or neurologic dysfunction. The stabilizing system of the spine may be divided into three subsystems: (1) the spinal column; (2) the spinal muscles; and (3) the neural control unit. A...

Abstract Objective The paraspinal muscles have been extensively studied on axial lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for better understanding of back pain; however, the acquisition measurements mainly relies manual segmentation, which is time consuming. study objective was to develop and validate a deep-learning–based program automated quantitative major spine components MRIs, in particular...

Chronic spinal cats with neurotrophin-secreting fibroblast (NTF) transplants recover locomotor function (Boyce et al. 2007). To ascertain possible mechanisms, intraspinal microstimulation was used to examine the lumbar spinal cord motor output of four groups of chronic spinal cats: 1) untrained cats with unmodified-fibroblast graft (Opcontrol) or 2) NTF graft, and 3) locomotor-trained cats with...

A 33 years old male patient presented clinically with a gradual progressive cauda-conus dysfunction and a combination of cauda/cord compression. The history started with paraesthesia at the sole of the left foot, that progressed to weakness and atrophy of L4,L5 muscles. The weakness characteristically increased by walking and the patient had to rest for a while before he can resume walking agai...

LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this lesson, the reader will be able to do the following: 1. Define the hip and trunk CORE 2. Evaluate the CORE muscles and structure 3. Delineate the difference between local and global muscles on the back 4. Identify the muscles of the abdominal area that are considered stabilizing 5. Identify the spinal muscles that stiffen the spine 6. Evaluate the CORE dy...

Without intervention after spinal cord injury (SCI), paralyzed skeletal muscles undergo myofiber atrophy and slow-to-fast myofiber type transformations. We hypothesized that chronic spasticity-associated neuromuscular activity after SCI would promote recovery from such deleterious changes. We examined segmental tail muscles of chronic spinal rats with long-standing tail spasticity (7 mo after s...

During the routine dissection of a 62-year-old male cadaver, bilateral atrophy of the supra and infraspinatus muscles was observed. The suprascapular nerves, cervical spinal cord and surrounding muscles were found to be normal. We propose that, in the face of normal histology and other normal shoulder girdle muscles and normal nerves, this case represents an instance of Parsonage-Turner syndrom...

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) level tinggi dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada pernapasan yang mengancam nyawa pasien. One of the interventions that can be given to individuals with SCI in reducing complications respiratory problems is Respiratory Muscle Training (RMT). (RMT) a technique aims improve function muscles through specific exercises. This study determined effectiveness muscle training spinal ...