Paramecium species, especially P. tetraurelia and caudatum, are model organisms for modern research into the form and function of cilia. In this review, we focus on the ciliary ion channels and other transmembrane proteins that control the beat frequency and wave form of the cilium by controlling the signaling within the cilium. We put these discussions in the context of the advantages that Par...

The quest for swimming microrobots originates from possible applications in medicine, especially involving navigation in bodily fluids. Swimming microorganisms have become a source of inspiration because their propulsion mechanisms are effective in the low-Reynolds number regime. In this study, we address a propulsion mechanism inspired by metachronal waves, i.e. the spontaneous coordination of...

The algorithm is suggested for selecting most appropriate and sensitive bioassay method to a particular type of pollution prevailing in the study area. bases on battery bioassays, which necessarily includes mortality test Daphnia magna Straus, 1820. Other approaches comparing sensitivity methods are selected aim. has been tested model situ samples. According proposed algorithm, tests D. Cerioda...

Due to the growing use of polymer materials, in particular construction sphere, issue their recycling at end service life is particularly relevant. Being base for flooring, plasticized PVC-compositions, are utilized by soil microbial flora, as plasticizer EDOS has a positive effect on microbiocenosis soil. It was shown that aqueous extracts samples there no toxicity two test objects - infusoria...

The swimming behaviours of two species of ciliates characterized by different mechanosensory and ciliary motor properties were investigated under hypergravity up to 5.4 g. The experiments were designed to examine large numbers of cells using video recording, digital data processing and statistics for the documentation of the rates and orientations of swimming. The gravikinetic responses (change...

In the ciliate Paramecium caudatum, only mating-reactive cells can attach to the polystyrene surface of Petri dishes. The attachment of mating-reactive cells occurs exclusively at the tips of ventrally located cilia (mating-reactive cilia) and appears to involve a hydrophobic interaction. An increase in the hydrophilic nature of the polystyrene surface following treatment with sulphuric acid re...

An electron microscope study of the cortex of Paramecium caudatum has revealed new details pertinent to several unresolved problems. The lateral boundaries of the alveoli do not regularly follow the crests of the polygonal ridges and thus their staining with silver cannot account for the external lattice seen by light microscopists. A granulo-fibrillar material is present, however, within the p...

Here, we report a comprehensive description of the stable associations between two Paramecium species (P. nephridiatum and P. caudatum) their cytoplasmic bacterial endosymbiont Pseudolyticum multiflagellatum. These spindle-like, rod-shaped, non-motile peritrichous bacteria demonstrate significant phenotypic polymorphism. Considering differences in morphology host species, several scientific gro...