Contamination of glass ampules by glass fragments can occur following ampule opening. The intravenous administration of these glass fragments in animal experiments has resulted in insult to the brain, pulmonary, hepatic, renal, and splenic systems of these animals. Thus, it is of clinical importance to determine quantitatively the extent of glass particulate contamination by examining the diffe...

Methods Following a standardized physical exam using sterile gloves and a sterile stethoscope, bacterial contamination of the following regions were assessed using contact plates: stethoscope diaphragm, stethoscope tube, fingertips, thenar region, hypothenar region and back of physician’s dominant hand. Total aerobic colony count (ACC) were determined on digital photographs using a counting tool.

INTRODUCTION Food-borne infections and intoxications remain one of the most important public health issues globally, both in developing and in developed countries. Numbers of reported outbreaks of food-borne diseases and diseased people are constantly growing. For instance, a total of 320,000 of cases of food-borne diseases, caused by only 6 most prevalent bacterial pathogens (non-typhoidal Sal...

The level of organochlorine contamination in estuarine, coastal or oceanic waters and various depth strata, including surface films, is important in predicting bioaccumulation in zooplankton. Present and past levels of contamination in seawater are briefly reviewed and summarized. Most of the evidence indcates that little organochlorine is truly dissolved in seawater: most molecules are sorbed ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Aerosolized droplets of blood can travel considerable distances on release of intra-abdominal pressure during laparoscopic surgery. This creates an environmental hazard for members of the surgical team. This study describes and provides a method of measurement of aerosolized blood contamination during evacuation of the pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic surgery. METHOD...

Several studies have proposed that the microbiological quality of the air in operating theatres be indirectly evaluated by means of particle counting, a technique derived from industrial clean-room technology standards, using airborne particle concentration as an index of microbial contamination. However, the relationship between particle counting and microbiological sampling has rarely been ev...

PURPOSE Bone collectors are used to harvest bone debris for grafting procedures during implant surgery. The particulate bone debris gathered through filtration has been frequently used in minor regenerative surgical procedures. Nevertheless, the biological potency of such grafts is still unclear. The objective of this study was to systematically review the use of bone collectors in implant dent...

Background The Sediment Quality Objectives (SQO) indirect effects assessment determines whether sediments meet California’s narrative SQO for human health: Pollutants shall not be present in sediments at levels that will bioaccumulate in aquatic life to levels that are harmful to human health. This program determines whether sediment contamination at a site results in an unacceptable health ris...