The effects of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A) (3 nmole/2 microliter, each lateral ventricule), a putative selective cholinotoxin, on learning behaviors and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity were studied in rats. AF64A-treated rats (AF64A-rat) exhibited deficient performance in a passive avoidance task and a delayed alternation task in the...

background and objective: diabetes mellitus is common endocrine disease cause learning and memory impairment. this study was done to evaluate the effect of quercetin on learning and memory in stz-induced diabetic rats was investigated. methods: in this experimental study, 40 male wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: control, quercetin - treated control, diabetic and quercetin -...

According to the physiological animal model proposed by Gorenstein and Newman (1980; see also Newman, Gorenstein, & Kelsey, 1983), psychopaths and extraverts may be characterized by a common psychological diathesis related to behavioral inhibition (see also Fowles, 1980; Gray, 1982). One aspect of this diathesis involves deficient passive avoidance learning, which has been central to explanatio...

A review of the literature concerning cholinergic manipulations and passive avoidance reveals that state-dependency is usually not controlled adequately, nor is acquisition of the passive avoidance task ascertained before retention is tested. These problems make interpretation of results difficult. We report three experiments on 129 rats, controlling both of these factors, in which scopolamine ...

gabapentin (gbp) is one of the new antiepileptic drugs (aeds) applied extensively in neurology and psychiatry. the advantage of new aeds includes newer mechanism of action, broad spectrum of anti-seizure effects, lesser drug interactions and fewer side effects. gbp is a cyclized analogue of gaba but it does not interact with gaba receptors, nor does it inhibit gaba uptake or prevent the degener...

background: studies have shown that individuals with fertility problems experience psychosocial problems. the use of various coping strategies seems to have different impacts on women with infertility stress. the aim of this study was to examine the role of coping strategies (active-avoidance, passive-avoidance, active-confronting and meaning based) in predicting infertility stress among a grou...

The interaction of electromagnetic fields (EMF) with living organisms presents an increasing source of interest nowadays. There are reports on the influence of EMFs on memory. In this study, the effect of a 50 Hz, 50G EMF was investigated on passive avoidance learning in male rats. For this purpose, male Wistar rats (n = 50, 6-8 weeks, 250-300 g) were randomly divided into five groups. Control ...

The interaction of electromagnetic fields (EMF) with living organisms presents an increasing source of interest nowadays. There are reports on the influence of EMFs on memory. In this study, the effect of a 50 Hz, 50G EMF was investigated on passive avoidance learning in male rats. For this purpose, male Wistar rats (n = 50, 6-8 weeks, 250-300 g) were randomly divided into five groups. Control ...

Caffeine, dose dependently can reinforce or deteriorate learning. In previous studies, the effect of glucose on decreasing of amnesia was investigated. In this study, the effect of caffeine on three phases of learning and also probable interference of glucose in mice were examined by using of passive avoidance learning .Male albino mice were examined as follows: 1. test group: a) this group rec...