نتایج جستجو برای: past escaping
تعداد نتایج: 241843 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
We analyze the variance of stochastic gradients along negative curvature directions in certain nonconvex machine learning models and show that stochastic gradients exhibit a strong component along these directions. Furthermore, we show that contrary to the case of isotropic noise this variance is proportional to the magnitude of the corresponding eigenvalues and not decreasing in the dimensiona...
Quantitative modelling and analysis is common in safety engineering, but it is often criticised. Objections include the difficulty in acquiring probabilities (e.g. for human error), the dubious assumptions often needed to manipulate them (e.g. independence of events), and the inherent uncertainty involved in making decisions based on probabilistic predictions. Clearly, poor predictions are of l...
The return of supercooled water to a stable equilibrium condition is an irreversible process which, in large enough samples, takes place adiabatically. We investigated this phenomenon in water by fast imaging techniques. As water freezes, large energy and density fluctuations promote the spatial coexistence of solid and liquid phases at different temperatures. Upon synchronously monitoring the ...
Deletion, anergy, and a spectrum of functional impairments can affect virus-specific CD8 cells in chronic viral infections. Here we characterize a low frequency population of CD8 cells present in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection which survive in the face of a high quantity of viral antigen. Although they do not appear to exert immunological pressure in vivo, these CD8 cells are not cla...
The phenomenon of herding is a very general feature of the collective behavior of many species in panic conditions, including humans. It has been predicted theoretically that panic-induced herding in individuals confined to a room can produce a nonsymmetrical use of two identical exit doors. Here we demonstrate the existence of that phenomenon in experiments, using ants as a model of pedestrian...
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