The patella (kneecap) is the largest and best-known of the sesamoid bones, postulated to confer biomechanical advantages including increasing joint leverage and reinforcing the tendon against compression. It has evolved several times independently in amniotes, but despite apparently widespread occurrence in lizards, the patella remains poorly characterised in this group and is, as yet, complete...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Quadriceps and patella tendon ruptures are uncommon injuries often resulting from minor trauma typically consisting of an eccentric contraction of the quadriceps muscle. Since rupture of a healthy tendon is very rare, such injuries usually represent the end stage of a long process of chronic tendon degeneration and overuse. This review aims to give an overview of the current...

Posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the knee can be associated with angular deformities and alterations in the joint line as a result of the initial trauma and subsequent surgical procedures. These deformities can be characterized as extra-articular or intra-articular or can involve aspects of both. Conversion to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may require either a staged or a simultaneous corrective...

The medial soft-tissue restraints of the patella, specifically the medial patellofemoral ligament and the vastus medialis obliquus muscle, are critical to patellofemoral joint stability. A reliable and inexpensive imaging technique would be clinically useful especially after acute patellar dislocation. The medial patellofemoral ligament and the vastus medialis obliquus muscle were identified in...

Tendon stiffness may be involved in limiting peak musculoskeletal forces and thus may constitute an upper limit for bone strength. The patellar tendon bone (PTB) graft, which is harvested from the patellar tendon during surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), is an ideal scenario to test this hypothesis. Eleven participants were recruited who had undergone surgical reco...

Les plaies du genou avec une section du tendon patellaire et une rupture du rétinaculum patellaire médial sont des lésions rares, et peu rapportés dans la littérature. Le diagnostic est essentiellement clinique et les principaux signes sont l'ascension et la latéralisation de la patella et surtout le déficit de l'extension active du genou. Les sections du tendon patellaire nécessitent une répar...

The current view of skeletal patterning fails to explain the formation of sesamoid bones. These small bones, which facilitate musculoskeletal function, are exceptionally embedded within tendons. Although their structural design has long puzzled researchers, only a limitedmodel for sesamoid bone development has emerged. To date, sesamoids are thought to develop inside tendons in response to mech...