Background. Rural residents seeking health care face barriers due to a shortage of healthcare professionals and the travel distance required to obtain medical services. This can lead to potentially harmful health outcomes, particularly when these citizens are unable to access specialized medical care. Few studies have specifically evaluated rural residents’ ability to access medical specialists...

Self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000, Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behaviour. New York: Plenum Publishing) highlights the impact autonomy supportive environments can have on exercise motivation and positive health outcomes. Yet little is known about whether differential effects occur as a function of which significant other is providing this support. Further, no ...

This pilot study tested the feasibility and effectiveness of a social support intervention with women (n = 24) while they were in a domestic violence shelter. Health outcomes were examined pre and postintervention using a randomized control design. The intervention group had greater improvement (p = .013) in psychological distress symptoms and greater improvement in perceived availability of so...

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OBJECTIVE Improving the patient-physician relationship through patient involvement in the care may lead to improved patient safety and better health outcomes. There exists a gap in knowledge in identifying factors that affect self-reported patient involvement in individualized treatment plans. The objectives of this study were to 1) describe patients' perceptions of their involvement in the cre...

BACKGROUND Regions with geographically diverse ecology and socioeconomic circumstances may have different disease exposures and child health outcomes. This study assessed variations in the risks of death in children under age 5 across regions of Nigeria and determined characteristics at the individual and community levels that explain possible variations among regions. METHODS Multilevel Cox ...

Advances in research on patient outcomes and greater availability of detailed standardized administrative data on healthcare outcomes, particularly for patients admitted to hospital, enable examination of the performance of providers and health systems from new perspectives. In a linked paper, Tsugawa and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.j1797) devised a creative research design to exploit these res...

BACKGROUND Patient-reported outcomes are increasingly used to evaluate the care of people with schizophrenia. AIMS To review established and emerging patient-reported outcomes in schizophrenia research, assessmenttools and key findings. METHOD A non-systematic review addressing relevant constructs, the associated scales and key empirical findings. RESULTS Patient-reported outcomes in schi...

The relationship between physicians and nurses in the delivery of anesthesia care is politically and financially charged, and hotly debated. Against this backdrop, federal regulators have proposed dropping a Medicare requirement that nurse anesthetists be supervised by a physician. Proponents note that the new regulations would resolve inconsistencies between Medicare supervisory requirements a...