The residence time measures the time spent by a water parcel or a pollutant in a given water body and is therefore widely used in environmental studies. The adjoint method introduced by Delhez et al. (2004) to compute this diagnostic is revised here to take into account the effect of the initialization and of the boundary conditions. In addition to the equation for the mean residence time, it i...

Variability of residence time in the Tropical Tropopause Layer during Northern Hemisphere winter K. Krüger, S. Tegtmeier, and M. Rex Leibniz-Institute for Marine Sciences at Kiel University (IFM-GEOMAR), Kiel, Germany Environment Canada, Toronto, Canada Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany Received: 18 April 2009 – Accepted: 15 May 2009 – Published: 28 May 20...