BACKGROUND Studies of perennial peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) suggest its hay and haylage have greater levels of rumen undegraded protein (RUP) than other legume forages such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Greater RUP can result in more efficient nitrogen utilization by ruminant animals with positive economic and environmental effects. We sought to determine whether, like red clover (Trifo...

Peanut allergy is a significant health problem because of the frequency, the potential severity, and the chronicity of the allergic sensitivity. Serum IgE from patients with documented peanut hypersensitivity reactions and a peanut cDNA expression library were used to identify clones that encode peanut allergens. One of the major peanut allergens, Ara h I, was selected from these clones using A...

BACKGROUND Peanut allergy is one of the most severe food allergies in children. The diagnostic gold standard is the oral food challenge (OFC). However, OFC has inherent risks and is time consuming. The measurement of specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) to peanut components in blood detects peanut sensitization, but the decision point predicting allergy is still unclear. The aim of this study was t...

BACKGROUND Although peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been conclusively shown to cause desensitization, it is currently unknown whether clinical protection persists after stopping therapy. OBJECTIVE Our primary objective was to determine whether peanut OIT can induce sustained unresponsiveness after withdrawal of OIT. METHODS We conducted a pilot clinical trial of peanut OIT at 2 US cente...

Dendritic cells are believed to play an essential role in regulating the balance between immunogenic and tolerogenic responses to mucosal Ags by controlling T cell differentiation and activation via costimulatory and coinhibitory signals. The CD28/CTLA-4-CD80/CD86 signaling pathway appears to be one of the most important regulators of T cell responses but its exact role in responses to orally a...

Peanut is one of the most important crops in the world, both for vegetative oil and as a protein source. Biotechnology approaches provide promising ways to increase peanut productivity, either through improved seed quality or stress resistance. These approaches require the identification of genes that control important agronomical traits, the understanding of gene regulation and metabolic pathw...

Background Peanut allergy is considered one of the most prominent food allergies, which often results in severe reactions and can be fatal. It can be attributed to one or more of the 12 recognised peanut allergens, the main peanut allergens being Ara h 1, Ara h 2/6 and Ara h 3. Ara h 2/6 are 2S albumins, sensitisation to which is associated with the most severe allergic reactions. They are used...

Rationale There has been an incremental increase in peanut allergy worldwide in recent decades. Unlike other major food allergens, peanut allergic children are unlikely to acquire tolerance in childhood. Peanut and treenuts are the most common foods implicated in food induced anaphylaxis. We use the data gathered from a large unselected Irish birth cohort study to assess whether screening for P...

BACKGROUND Despite guidelines recommending avoidance of peanuts during infancy in the United Kingdom (UK), Australia, and, until recently, North America, peanut allergy (PA) continues to increase in these countries. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the prevalence of PA among Israeli and UK Jewish children and evaluate the relationship of PA to infant and maternal peanut consumption. METHODS...

BACKGROUND Peanut allergy is a life-threatening condition; there is currently no cure. While whole allergen extracts are used for specific immunotherapy for many allergies, they can cause severe reactions and even fatalities in peanut allergy. OBJECTIVE To identify short, HLA-degenerate CD4(+) T cell epitope-based peptides of the major peanut allergen Ara h 1 that target allergen-specific T c...