This paper proposes a spatial activity-based modeling approach and applies it to pedestrian crowd behavior simulations. Compared to conventional pedestrian crowd models where pedestrians make movement decisions in a time-based manner, the spatial activity-based pedestrian crowd model allows a pedestrian to make decisions only when needed, that is, when there is significant change in the pedestr...

We propose an estimation method of pedestrian detectability considering the driver’s visual adaptation to illumination change. Since it is important for driver assistance systems to determine if a driver is perceiving a pedestrian or not, estimation of pedestrian detectability by the driver is required. However, previous studies do not consider drastic illumination changes that degrades the det...

EvacSim is a multi-agent building evacuation simulation featuring pedestrian occupant agents occupying twodimensional continuous free-space to simulate pedestrian egress for building evaluation and evacuation planning support. We detail pedestrian model elements that govern microscopic agent movement such as personal space preservation, obstacle avoidance and moving together as a crowd. We vali...

Pedestrian head impact with windscreen is one of the major causes for pedestrian severe injury or fatality. A FE model is established with shell and solid elements representing different layers of a laminated windscreen. Major strain criterion is used to deal with the failure of windscreen. Simulation results are validated by Euro NCAP pedestrian head-to-windscreen impact tests. The results sho...

⎯ This paper describes a pedestrian tracking system that uses a new movement prediction technique based on an association of Cellular Automata (CA) and a Neural Network (NN). The proposed prediction technique aims to learn the behaviour of pedestrian movement directly from images. A CA is applied to capture the pedestrian movement. The derived CA patterns are then used to train the NN. The trai...

The implementation of a pedestrian safety education program in public schools can change the knowledge and beliefs about safe pedestrian behaviors among students and their parents or caregivers with the goal of reducing morbidity and mortality of children. WalkSafe is a well-established, multiphase pedestrian safety intervention program. This program has been shown to improve pedestrian safety ...

Spatial layout design must consider not only ease of movement for pedestrians under normal conditions, but also their safety in panic situations, such as an emergency evacuation in a theatre, stadium or hospital. Using pedestrian simulation statistics, the movement of crowds can be used to study the consequences of different spatial layouts. Previous works either create an optimal spatial arran...

STUDY OBJECTIVE In case centred epidemiological studies, traffic volume has been shown to be a potent risk factor for child pedestrian injuries. Nevertheless, over the past two decades child pedestrian death rates have fallen in many countries despite large increases in traffic volumes, suggesting that other factors are responsible for the long term decline in death rates. This study aimed to i...

Pedestrian detection is highly valued in intelligent surveillance systems. Most existing pedestrian datasets are autonomously collected from non-surveillance videos, which result in significant data differences between the self-collected data and practical surveillance data. The data differences include: resolution, illumination, view point, and occlusion. Due to the data differences, most exis...

Pedestrian classifiers decide which image windows contain a pedestrian. In practice, such classifiers provide a relatively high response at neighbor windows overlapping a pedestrian, while the responses around potential false positives are expected to be lower. An analogous reasoning applies for image sequences. If there is a pedestrian located within a frame, the same pedestrian is expected to...