This review covers the management of patients once they have been diagnosed with a germ cell tumor. We take note of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) guidelines [1, 2] and European Germ Cell Cancer Consensus Group report [3] and expand on controversial areas where more than one management option exists. Although we will only discuss testicular germ cell tumors, the same principle...

abstract objective: several studies have been published on the epidemiology of childhood malignancies worldwide. the primary objective of this study is to determine the relative frequency of pediatric cancers in iran. methods: using a retrospective approach, all confirmed cases of malignancies aged 14 years old or less at the time of first referral to the department of radiation oncology of jor...

PURPOSE To determine the role of methylation of HIC1, a candidate tumor suppressor gene on 17p13.3, in various types of pediatric tumors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We examined the methylation status of the HIC1 promoter by methylation specific PCR in 157 pediatric tumors and 27 nonmalignant tissues. We correlated methylation with mRNA expression by reverse transcription-PCR in eight tumor-derived c...

objective(s):mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) derived from wharton’s jelly (wj-mscs) are now much more appealing for cell-based infertility therapy. hence, wj-mscs differentiation toward germ layer cells for cell therapy purposes is currently under intensive study. materials and methods: mscs were isolated from human wharton’s jelly and treated with bmp4, retinoic acid (ra) or co-cultured on human...

The germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF) is a member of the nuclear receptor super family of transcription factors. GCNF expression during gastrulation and neurulation is critical for normal embryogenesis in mice. GCNF represses expression of the POU domain transcription factor Oct4 during mouse post-implantation development in vivo. Oct4 is thus down-regulated during female gonadal development, whe...

1Department of Urology, Gulf Medical College Hospital & Research Center, 2Dept. of Pathology, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE. Correspondence: Dr. Ihsan Ullah Khan, Department of Urology, Gulf Medical College Hospital & Research Center, Ajman, UAE. email: [email protected] INTRODUCTION Testicular tumors are rare in children, but highly treatable and usually curable. In children testicular...

We investigated 28 cases of pediatric malignancy in which total lactate dehydrogenase (LD, EC 1.1.1.27) activities were increased and isoenzyme LD-1 exceeded LD-2 (flipped pattern). Of these, 11 had a flipped pattern at presentation and 17 showed a flipped pattern during chemotherapy. Those with flipped patterns at presentation were four with germ-cell tumors, one with acute lymphocytic leukemi...