BACKGROUND Pakistan has one of the highest reported rates of childhood intellectual disabilities (ID) in the world. Prevalence estimates vary from 19.1/1000 for serious ID to 65/1000 for mild ID. METHODS We surveyed carers of persons with ID (n = 100) using quantitative and qualitative instruments. We conducted in-depth interviews of carers (n = 16) and key primary health providers (n = 10). ...

People with psychotic disorders frequently experience significant mental and social limitations that may result in persisting social isolation. Research has shown that a supportive social environment is crucial for the process of personal recovery. Peer support groups can provide an opportunity to reduce isolation and enhance the process of personal recovery. It encourages people to express the...

INTRODUCTION Across the globe, peer support groups have emerged as a community-led approach to accessing support and connecting with others with cancer experiences. Little is known about qualities required to lead a peer support group or how to determine suitability for the role. Organisations providing assistance to cancer support groups and their leaders are currently operating independently,...

Examining the extent, nature, and scope of peer group influence on academic outcomes is an important direction for future research to enrich our understanding of adolescent motivation, engagement, and achievement. Conceptual and methodological issues involved in studying peer groups are discussed. Existing research that addresses the influence of peer groups on academic outcomes is reviewed. Pr...

The peer interaction of 26 physically abused children was observed and compared to the peer interaction of normal children (n = 26), neglected children (n = 4) and children referred to a child guidance clinic (n = 21). The children were either enrolled in a day-care intervention program and observed in well-established peer groups or not enrolled in peer-based intervention and observed in newly...

Despite consensus in focus on form (FOF) instruction over the facilitative role of noticing, controversy has not quelled over ways of directing EFL learners’ attention towards formal features via implicit techniques like input-enhancement or explicit metacognitive feedback and interactive peer-editing on the output they produce. This quasi-experimental study investigated the impact of input enh...

among structured peer-to-peer systems, chord has a general popularity due to its salient features like simplicity, high scalability, small path length with respect to network size, and flexibility on node join and departure. however, chord doesn’t take into account the topology of underlying physical network when a new node is being added to the system, thus resulting in high routing latency an...

abstract— peer-to-peer ( p2p ) systems have been the center of attention in recent years due to their advantage . since each node in such networks can act both as a service provider and as a client , they are subject to different attacks . therefore it is vital to manage confidence for these vulnerable environments in order to eliminate unsafe peers . this paper investigates the use of genetic ...

background: the tragedy of having breast cancer can cause many challenges for women. patients seek for someone to compare their emotional and physical reactions with. this study was conducted to evaluate the impact of implementation of peer support group on the quality of life of breast cancer patients. materials and methods: this clinical trial was conducted on patients who underwent modified ...