BACKGROUND AND AIM Factors that affect caecal intubation during colonoscopy include age and sex of the patient, quality of bowel preparation, prior abdominal or pelvic surgery and pelvic inflammatory disease, among others. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the effects of patients' demography such as age and sex, as well as anthropometry (height, weight and body mass index (BMI))...

Pelvic organ prolapse is a highly prevalent condition in the female population, which impairs the health-related quality of life of affected individuals. Despite the lack of robust evidence, selective modification of obstetric events or other risk factors could play a central role in the prevention of prolapse. While the value of pelvic floor muscle training as a preventive treatment remains un...

Background: Hip fracture is one of the most common problems in elderly that needs surgical repair. As, the majority ofthese patients have chronic diseases, they are at increased risk of peri-operative mortality and morbidity. The purposeof this study was to evaluate spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine vs bupivacaine in combination with lidocaine in termsof hemodynamic changes in patients undergo...

Pelvic exenteration is a radical surgery which includes the en bloc resection of the pelvic organs and followed by surgical reconstruction (Hockel et al., 2006; Diver et al., 2012). The en bloc resection includes internal reproductive organs, rectosigmoid colon, urinary bladder and distal ureters. Pelvic exenteration is classified into 3 types; anterior pelvic exenteration, posterior pelvic exe...

OBJECTIVES : Pelvic reconstruction after tumor resection is challenging. METHODS A retrospective study had been preformed to compare the outcomes among patients who received pelvic reconstructive surgery with allogeneic bone graft after en bloc resection of pelvic tumors and patients who received en bloc resection only. RESULTS Patients without reconstruction had significantly lower functio...

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creative-commons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution , and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This is a truly comprehensive textbook that covers the whole spectrum of female pelvic me...