OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanisms of hypospadias induced by in utero exposure to din-butyl phthalate (DBP). METHODS Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 750 mg/kg of DBP by gavage from GD (gestation days) 13 to GD 18, whereas control group received corn oil. Genital tubercles (GTs) and blood samples were collected from male fetuses on GD 19. The serum testosterone concentrat...

Epidemiological and genetic variables in hypospadias were analysed during the years 1978 to 1983 in a case control study of congenital malformations in the Emilia Romagna region of northern Italy. During the observation period, in a sample of 41 078 male newborns, 168 had hypospadias giving a prevalence at birth of 4.1 in 1000 males. Hypospadias was divided into three types: type I or mild (75....

INTRODUCTION Of interest is if factors like maternal diet can influence the risk of hypospadias-affected pregnancy. Increased propionylcarnitine (C3) is regarded as a biomarker of vitamin B12 deficiency. The retrospective study was undertaken to determine whether increased propionylcarnitine and low methionine in newborns are associated with hypospadias. MATERIAL AND METHODS 41 newborns with ...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com penile in 77(30%) and proximal Hypospadias in 46(18%) patients. Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIP) by Dr. Warren Snodgrass and Byar’s two stage urethroplasty were the only two basic methods applied. Only 13 patients (5%) of total required two stage repairs. Subsequent 10 years, I operated 512 cases of hypospadias with the Ten Commandments...

Background: Hypospadias is the most encountered congenital malformation of newborn penis. Refashioning urethra, both physiologically and aesthetically, requires a good surgical exposure to perform scrupulous surgery. To obtain such standards tourniquet application adrenaline injection have been performed in past but there still controversy for best results. Materials Methods: The files 78 patie...

Hypospadias is a congenital malformation that occurs in 0.3-1% of live births, in which the meatus (the urethral opening) is dorsally malpositioned. Uncorrected hypospadias can cause difficulties in urination, abnormal sexual function, and adverse psychological consequences; surgical correction, though generally successful, constitutes an economic burden for families. Several common classes of ...

Previous genome-wide association studies have identified variants in the diacylglycerol kinase kappa (DGKK) gene associated with hypospadias in populations of European descent. However, no variants of DGKK were confirmed to be associated with hypospadias in a recent Han Chinese study population, likely due to the limited number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) included in the analysis....

INTRODUCTION Hypospadias is a common inborn error of the genital development, whose complex etiology remains elusive. Defects of the androgen metabolism and activity have been found in a subset of boys with hypospadias. Moreover, the balance between androgens and estrogens seems to be important to the proper male genital development. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), an estrogen respons...

OBJECTIVE Maternal risk factors for hypospadias are poorly defined, and there is debate about temporal trends in hypospadias prevalence. We examined select maternal characteristics as possible risk factors for hypospadias among male offspring and evaluated yearly prevalence rates in Washington State. METHODS We performed a population-based, case-control study using linked birth-hospital disch...

Urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF) is an inherent, most common and a challenging complication of hypospadias repair. Although hypospadias repair techniques are numerous and varied, from simple to complex and demanding, none is immune from fistula formation [1]. The first step to avoid UCF formation after hypospadias repair is to understand how fistula occurs. Several factors have been suggested in ...