Purpose: Perineal endometriosis is a rare disease characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrial stroma and glands in the perineum. Most commonly observed in the episiotomy scar after normal vaginal deliveries, perineal endometriosis is not often considered in the differential diagnosis of perineal masses. This could lead to unnecessary investigations and inadequate patient treatments. ca...

introduction: significant perineal injuries and major pelvic fractures resulting from blunt trauma manifest a high-energy injury. open pelvic fractures (with perineal injury) are associated with higher mortality rates of 40 to 60 %. methods: this study was a review of patients with multiple traumas comprising of major pelvic fracture and severe perineal injuries (shahid kamyab hospital in mashh...

background: in most of defecography films, the symphysis pubis is obscured, especially in obese patients, and the parameters will change in values if x-ray is interpreted by different reviewers or if the patient changes his/her position between the phases. this study was carried out to determine how to do the defecography to obtain fixed parameters. â  methods: eighty patients that had been can...

The cases of sixty patients in whom a burst fracture of a thoracic or lumbar vertebral body had been treated with posterior instrumentation and arthrodesis less than two weeks after the injury were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty of the patients had an associated laminar fracture. Eleven of the thirty, all of whom had a lumbar fracture and a preoperative neurological deficit, were noted at ope...

Tendons function to transmit loads from muscle to move and stabilize joints and absorb impacts. Functionality of lacerated tendons is diminished, however clinical practice often considers surgical repair only after 50% or more of the tendon is lacerated, the "50% rule." Few studies provide mechanical insight into the 50% rule. In this study cyclic and static stress relaxation tests were perform...

IMAGES However, 48 hours after the operation, she had dyspnea along with subcutaneous emphysema on her shoulder (Fig. 1). Diagnostic bronchoscopy revealed an approximately 1.5-cm-sized vertical tracheal laceration above the carina with split thickness (Fig. 2). She was started on antibiotics, O2 inhalation, expectorants and non-per oral. The emphysema spontaneously resolved. The patient was dis...

the effectiveness of physical therapy techniques in the second stage of labor on perineal trauma in nulliparous women referring to the teaching hospitalof emam khomeini – khalkhal     sohrabi m [1] , ivan bagha r [2] *, shirinkam r [3]     received: 18feb, 2012 accepted: 6may 2012     abstract   background & aims : perineal trauma is common outcome of vaginal birth, and can cause short term and...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a previously identified modification of Viennese method of perineal protection remains most effective for reduction of perineal tension in cases with substantially smaller or larger fetal heads. METHODS A previously designed finite element model was used to compare perineal tension of different modifications of the Viennese method of per...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Vaginal birth delivery may result in acute and persistent perineal pain postpartum. This study evaluated the association between catastrophizing, a phenomenon of poor psychological adjustment to pain leading the individual to magnify the painful experience making it more intense, and the incidence and severity of perineal pain and its relationship to perineal trauma. ...