Previous research on free chlorination and chloramination of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) polyamide membranes has conclusively shown that these water disinfectants damage the structural integrity of membranes and adversely affect their performance. Secondary oxidants formed from reactions of chlorine disinfectants with bromide and iodide ions have also been found to transform th...

direct contact membrane distillation (dcmd) which emerges as an alternative separation technology can effectively perform a colloidal separation process under thermal driven force. dcmd is capable of extracting pure water from aqueous solutions containing non-volatile nanoparticles through the hydrophobic microporous membrane when a vapour pressure difference was established across the membrane...

the effect of membrane molecular weight cut off (mwco) at three levels (10, 20 & 50 kd) on dynamic behavior of permeate flux (jp), hydraulic resistances (total hydraulic resistance, rt; reversible fouling resistance, rrf; irreversible fouling resistance, rif and membrane hydraulic resistance, rm) and milk solutes rejection (protein, rp; fat, rf; lactose, rl; minerals, rm and total solids, r...

Two-dimensional carbon materials such as the 2D nanoweb-like graphyne membrane are promising as molecular sieves for energy and environmental applications. Based on the application of water purification - the removal of contaminants from wastewater and seawater - here we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the interplay between mechanical forces, filtration mechanisms, and ov...

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possibility of using recycled polymer (waste polyethylene terephthalate [PET] bottles) as a membrane material. Furthermore, the effect of the addition of a pore-forming agent and preparation conditions was also observed. Methods: Porous polymeric membranes were prepared via thermally induced phase separation by dissolving recycled PET...

We herein report a novel approach based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for in-situ monitoring of the adsorption kinetics in preparing polyelectrolyte multilayer nanofiltration membranes using layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition. Unlike existing methods kinetics, this new is non-destructive and applicable to various substrates (as it does not use substrate as sensor). The model memb...

Background: Correlations between bone marrow, heart, kidney, liver, skin and lung transplant rejection or survival with human cytokine gene polymorphisms have been described. There are also reports about the role of cytokines and Tumor Necrosis Factors-Alpha (TNF-α) on corneal transplant in animal models. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of cytokines in corneal allograft rejection...

in this work, several machine learning techniques are presented for nanofiltration modeling. according to the results, specific errors are defined. the rejection due to nanofiltration increases with pressure but decreases with increasing the concentration of chloride ion. methods of machine learning represent the rejection of nanofiltration as a function of concentration, ph, pressure and also ...

Internal concentration polarization (ICP) in forward osmosis (FO) process is a characteristic problem for asymmetric thin-film composite (TFC) FO membrane which leads to lower water flux. To mitigate the ICP effect, modification of the substrates' properties has been one of the most effective methods. A new polyethersulfone-based ultrafiltration membrane with increased surface porosity and high...