In this paper, the cycles of Tanner’s (3, 5) quasi-cyclic (QC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are analyzed and their girth values are derived. The conditions for the existence of cycles of lengths 4, 6, 8, and 10 in Tanner’s (3, 5) QC LDPC codes of length 5p are expressed in terms of polynomial equations in a 15-th root of unity of the prime field Fp. By checking the existence of solutio...

Because of the lack of competition regulation, certain contract provisions attempt to substitute for such vacuum. In an era when private ownership of infrastructure projects is gaining grounds, the need for elaborated competition regulation is more pressing than ever. Private ownership does not necessarily mean personal funding. The more common mode of funding involves a syndicate of banks, whi...

this article is concerned with eugene fontinell’s idea about personal immortality. fontinell has offered a specific view about the possibility of afterlife, through employing the experimental method, william james’s pragmatic method, and also developing william james’s field theory and his psychological ideas about the “self”.  fontinell believes that it is possible to imagine immortality in a ...

according to abū al-barakāt baghdādī, time and place are a priori conditions of motion; moreover, against the peripatetic philosophers, for whom time is the measure of motion, he holds that time is the measure of existence. nevertheless, he believes that we can define motion on the basis of our intuitive non-scientific concept of time and, by so doing, we can resolve the apparent circularity of...

The existence of a natural and projectively equivariant quantization in the sense of Lecomte [20] was proved recently by M. Bordemann [4], using the framework of Thomas-Whitehead connections. We give a new proof of existence using the notion of Cartan projective connections and we obtain an explicit formula in terms of these connections. Our method yields the existence of a projectively equivar...

Two-dimensional displays were used to investigate the perception of object unity in 48 2-monthold and 48 4-month-old infants. The infants were habituated to a computer-generated display depicting a rod in motion behind a box. Posthabituation test trials consisted of two rod pieces (broken rod) and a complete rod, presented three times each in alternation. The 4-month-olds looked longer at the b...

UNITY is a simple programming logic to reason about distributed systems. It is especially attractive because of its elegant axiomatical style. Since its power is limited, people introduce variants to extends it with various new functionalities. However, in the axiomatical style it is easy to make a mistake: a seemingly very logical new inference rule may turn out to be unsound. Formal verificat...

Service providers collect user’s personal information relevant to their businesses. Personal information stored by different service providers is expected to be combined to make new services. However, specific user records risk being identified from the combined personal information, and the user’s sensitive information may be revealed. Also, personal information collected by a service provider...

the idea that the distinction of sciences has to be based on topics is facing serious criticisms and objections, since both arguments of the followers of this approach are violable and the history of science is replete with many examples that do not fit into this tight framework. this issue prompted some scholars such as muḥaqqiq khurāsānī to move toward distinction based on objective. this app...