A murine respiratory challenge model was used to examine the induction of cellular and humoral immune responses and their role in protection against BordeteUla pertussis following immunization or previous infection. Spleen cells from mice convalescing from a B. pertussis infection exhibited extensive in vitro T-cell proliferation and secreted high levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and gamma interf...

BACKGROUND The transition from a whole-cell to a 5-component acellular pertussis vaccine provided a unique opportunity to compare the effect that each type of vaccine had on the incidence of pertussis, under routine conditions, among children less than 10 years of age. METHODS Analyses were based on passive surveillance data collected between 1995 and 2005. The incidence of pertussis by year ...

Persistence of immune memory in humans is a crucial yet poorly understood aspect immunology. Here we have studied the effect Puumala hantavirus infection on unrelated, pre-existing by studying T cell- and antibody responses against toxoid vaccine antigens diphtheria, tetanus pertussis cohort 45 patients. We found that tetanus- -specific IgG concentrations elevate during acute virus infection. I...

Bordetella pertussis (Bp) is the etiologic agent of pertussis (whooping cough), a highly communicable infection. Although pertussis is vaccine preventable, in recent years there has been increased incidence, despite high vaccine coverage. Possible reasons for the rise in cases include the following: Bp strain adaptation, waning vaccine immunity, increased surveillance, and improved clinical dia...

To add new insight to our previous work on the molecular epidemiology of Bordetella pertussis in Argentina, the prn and ptxS1 gene sequences and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles of 57 clinical isolates obtained during two periods, 1969 to 1989 and 1997 to 2006, were analyzed. Non-vaccine-type ptxS1A was detected in isolates obtained since 1969. From 1989 on, a shift of predomina...

Replacement of cellular with acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines has considerably reduced the systemic reactions observed with diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-pertussis vaccine but has not eliminated the extensive swelling (sometimes involving an entire limb) observed after the fifth injection of diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-aP (DTaP) vaccine. This local reaction, which is likely an Arthus hypersensitiv...

Despite highly successful vaccination programs and high vaccine uptake, both endemic pertussis and periodic pertussis outbreaks continue to occur. The under-recognized role of adolescents and adults in disease transmission, due to waning immunity following natural infection and vaccination, and reduced likelihood of correct diagnosis, may contribute to pertussis persistence. We constructed a ma...

Pertussis is a highly contagious, acute respiratory illness caused by the bacterial pathogen Bordetella pertussis. Despite nearly universal vaccine coverage, pertussis rates in the United States have been rising steadily over the last 20 years. Our failure to comprehend and counteract this important public health concern is due in large part to gaps in our knowledge of the disease and the mecha...

Background An Australian study including 4433 children found that delayed Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis–containing vaccination was associated with reduced risk of developing atopic dermatitis (AD) before age 1 year. Objective We assessed whether against diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, polio, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis – Inactivated Polio...

BACKGROUND  Despite longstanding infant vaccination programs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), pertussis continues to cause deaths in the youngest infants. A maternal monovalent acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine, in development, could prevent many of these deaths. We estimated infant pertussis mortality rates at which maternal vaccination would be a cost-effective use of public health...