This paper investigates oil vulnerability in Australian cities and the implications of this problem for Australian urban planning and planning elsewhere. The paper has four objectives. First, the paper investigates the changing global petroleum supply context and potential future supply trajectories. Second, the paper uses the notion of ‘oil vulnerability’ to investigate how such a changing glo...

The molecular properties of asphaltenes have been the subject of uncertainty in the literature; in particular the molecular architecture is still a matter of debate. Some literature reports provide evidence that the contrast of petroleum asphaltenes versus coal-derived asphaltenes is useful for understanding the governing principles of asphaltene identity. Here, we employ fluorescence correlati...

This study was performed to determine the usefulness of the intercellular metabolic cooperation assay for analysis of a complex mixture and to compare the results obtained with previously conducted in vivo tumor promoter assays. One hundred 2R1 cigarettes were smoked according to Federal Trade Commission guidelines and the resulting condensate was separated into a water/methanol-soluble fractio...

The rapid increasing the industrialization, motorization, in the world has remarkably raised the demand of the petroleum products. The reservations of such a petroleum based fuels are limited in the world. Furthermore, they are exhaustible and cost is rapidly increasing day to day. For those countries having not ability of petroleum recourses, are importing the petroleum fuels. So, it is quit n...

Present study was carried out to investigate the anthelmintic potential of petroleum-ether extract of Portulaca oleracea against Pheretima posthuma as a species of earthworm. Various concentrations (25‐100 mg/ml) of petroleum-ether extract were evaluated for anthelmintic activity by recording the time required for paralysis and death of worms. Albendazole was used as standard. Result indicates ...

During the Deepwater Horizon disaster, a substantial fraction of the 600,000-900,000 tons of released petroleum liquid and natural gas became entrapped below the sea surface, but the quantity entrapped and the sequestration mechanisms have remained unclear. We modeled the buoyant jet of petroleum liquid droplets, gas bubbles, and entrained seawater, using 279 simulated chemical components, for ...

“Whereas there are large seepages of petroleum along the Arctic Coast of Alaska and conditions favorable to the occurrence of valuable petroleum fi elds on the Arctic Coast . . .” President Warren G. Harding used those words in 1923 to describe the apparent petroleum potential of a tract of land on the western North Slope of Alaska, when he issued a one-page executive order establishing the 23-...

1.1.1. Petroleum fuels It is estimated that between 1.7 and 8.8 million tons of petroleum hydrocarbons are released into the marine environment each year, with a best estimate of 3.2 million tons per year. Although major oil spills, like the Exxon-Valdez spill of 1989 or last summer’s Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico, garner much media and citizen attention, you may be surprised to...

Petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading fungi were isolated from Detarium senegalense seeds. An assessment of the relative ability of each fungus to degrade petroleum crude oil, diesel, unspent and spent engine oils, kerosene and Detarium senegalense oil extract, on minimal salt broth, was done measuring change in optical density read on a spectrophotometer. Five fungi were isolated from diseased namel...

OBJECTIVES The present study investigated the toxic properties of petroleum ether extract of Wattakaka (W.) volubilis in Wistar female rats. METHODS An in vitro brine shrimp lethality bioassay was studied in A. Salina nauplii, and the lethality concentrations were assessed for petroleum ether extract of W. volubilis. A water soluble portion of the test extract was used in different concentrat...