OBJECTIVE To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the NewCastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (NAKQ) for determining asthma knowledge in teachers. METHODS DESIGN AND SAMPLE A cross-sectional observational study in educational centers of A Coruña providing preschool, primary school and/or compulsory secondary education. Centers were selected by random sampling, s...

AIM To compare the results of a series of public opinion surveys on experiences with the health care sector in Croatia conducted in the time of elections and to analyze whether political party affiliation had any influence on issues of priority ranking. METHODS The surveys were conducted during 2005, 2007, and 2009. They were administered through a Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing met...

Figure 1. IPSS venography. Image shows microcatheters in both inferior petrosal sinuses (black arrows) after contrast injection from the left side, which opacified the contralateral sinus via mild reflux, indicative of proper catheter positioning. The black star indicates the expected location of the pituitary gland within the opacified cavernous sinus. Elevated levels of cortisol production re...

A 65-year-old man with a dural carotid-cavernous fistula (DCCF) presented with sudden onset of painful trochlear nerve paresis. Typical signs of DCCF including conjunctival arterialization, chemosis, and proptosis did not become manifest until 4 months later. This unusual presentation of DCCF was caused by drainage of the fistula posteriorly into the inferior petrosal sinus with low flow. With ...

OBJECT Although they provide excellent ventral and lateral exposure of the brainstem, petrosal approaches to brainstem cavernous malformations (CMs) are infrequently reported. METHODS The authors reviewed their experience with petrosal approaches to brainstem CMs in combination with a comprehensive review of the literature to elucidate resection rates, complication rates, and outcomes. RESU...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of transvenous embolization in the treatment of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs), including its efficacy and safety. METHODS We retrospectively studied the charts of 24 patients (21 women and 3 men) treated for an intracranial DAVF since 1990 in whom a transvenous approach was attempted either alone (16 patients) or in combination with arterial ...

BACKGROUND The cavernous sinus communicates with several para-cavernous sinus venous structures, receiving blood flow from the superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV), the sphenoparietal sinus (SPS), and the superior ophthalmic vein, and draining into the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses and pterygoid and basilar plexuses. Anatomic variations of these veins have been previously reported; ...

Dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) in a sinus of the lesser sphenoid wing (SLSW) is rarely reported. Here, we report a case of an isolated SLSW DAVF treated by coils placed into the sinus through the feeding artery. A 68-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with headache. Magnetic resonance images and an angiogram showed a varix in the right middle cranial fossa. A DAVF, consisting of thre...

Purpose Transcatheter angiography is the gold standard for evaluating the condition and anatomy of the dural sinuses in patients with arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs); however, the patency and intraluminal condition of the dural sinuses can also be evaluated on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of MRI for the diagnosis of sinus occlusion. Ma...