As a devastating Ebola outbreak in West Africa continues, non-pharmaceutical control measures including contact tracing, quarantine, and case isolation are being implemented. In addition, public health agencies are scaling up efforts to test and deploy candidate vaccines. Given the experimental nature and limited initial supplies of vaccines, a mass vaccination campaign might not be feasible. H...

Nowadays, sterilization process is used for the benefit of humans in different areas of daily life. This includes the sterilisation of medical supplies and pharmaceuticals, in particular agent and auxiliary materials, decontamination of medical equipment, and decontamination of industry, for example drug-herb and vegetable products are used in broad areas. Gamma irradiation sterilisation method...

Inventory management of pharmaceutical supplies and medical consumables at pharmacies is very important to be considered, because that not according procedures will result in inappropriate use, there many expired drugs budget overlaps. The purpose this study was describe the Halim Medika Pharmacy Banjarbaru which includes planning, procurement, receipt, storage, expiration checks, control, dest...

OBJECTIVE To explore the policies for, and implementation of, the community case management (CCM) of childhood illnesses in the 68 countries that were prioritized by the "Countdown to 2015" initiative in 2008. METHODS In 2009-2010, community approaches concerning CCM policy and implementation, the roles of community health workers (CHWs) and the availability of medicines for the treatment of ...

All countries face challenges in making sufficient supplies of blood and blood products available and sustainable, while also ensuring the quality and safety of these products in the face of known and emerging threats to public health. Since 1975, the World Health Assembly (WHA) has highlighted the global need for blood safety and availability. WHA resolutions 63·12, 58·13 and 28·72, The Melbou...

The benefits of local production of pharmaceuticals in Africa for local access to medicines and to effective treatment remain contested. There is scepticism among health systems experts internationally that production of pharmaceuticals in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) can provide competitive prices, quality and reliability of supply. Meanwhile low-income African populations continue to suffer poor ...

PROBLEM Many countries have limited experience of securing the best prices for drugs and have little negotiating power. This is particularly true for the complex, lengthy and expensive regimens used to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. APPROACH The Stop TB Partnership's Global Drug Facility is dedicated to improving worldwide access to antituberculosis medicines and diagnostic technique...

Beliefs regarding cause and preference of the treatment modality are important factors influencing any epilepsy programme. Patients own attitudes towards the on-going treatment are equally important in ensuring success of any such programme. The study involved interviews of 80 patients with epilepsy attending a comprehensive rural health services project, and was conducted according to a struct...

“The hormones [ACTH and cortisone] represent an entirely new approach in the art of healing. Penicillin, streptomycin, the sulfa drugs, and most other medicines you’ve been reading about are poisons intended specifically to attack invading germs. (...) But ACTH and cortisone are not germ-killers. They are natural products, gland hormones. They influence the body’s built-in chemical factories th...

Africa has the highest disease burden in the world and continues to depend on pharmaceutical imports to meet public health needs. As Asian manufacturers of generic medicines begin to operate under a more protectionist intellectual property regime, their ability to manufacture medicines at prices that are affordable to poorer countries is becoming more circumscribed. The Doha Declaration on the ...