The term pharmacokinetics was first introduced by F. H. Dost in 1953 in his text, Der BliitspiegeI-Kinetic der Konzentrationsablaiife in der Frieslauffliissigkeit (Dost, 1953). However, some of the subject matter was published before the word was coined. It is also of interest that the first English language review of the subject matter, published in 1961, was entitled the Kinetics of Drug Abso...

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) may affect the pharmacokinetics of certain drugs. The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in neonates on ECMO and compare them to reported values for a similar patient population not on ECMO, (2) if the pharmacokinetics of gentamicin differ between venous-venous and venous-arterial bypass, and (3) if the ph...

Eye is second most complex organ of the body after brain. Drug delivery to the eye is the challenging task for the pharmaceutical scientists. Topical administration to the eye is the most convenient and commonly used for the pharmacological therapy. Effectiveness of the drugs can only be determined by the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics correlation. Ocular pharmacokinetics is the essentia...

Nephrotoxicity, the dose-limiting toxicity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP), is ameliorated when administered in hypertonic saline with normal saline hydration. To determine whether the diminished nephrotoxicity is associated with alteration of the pharmacokinetics of CDDP, we examined the pharmacokinetics of free and total platinum, platinum renal excretion, and urine electrolytes in...

Pharmacokinetics, is by definition, the study of the time and dosage relationships of administered drugs. When considering pharmacokinetics one must assume fictional body spaces between which drugs pass, and within which drugs are equally distributed. In the systemic sense these spaces include the intravascular compartment the extracellular spaces and the intracellular spaces. However, for the ...

The pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and its 14-(R)-hydroxylated metabolite were studied on two separate occasions after nasogastric administration of 500 mg of a clarithromycin suspension to 16 seriously ill adults in an intensive care unit. The clarithromycin suspension appeared to be adequately absorbed, and the pharmacokinetics of neither clarithromycin nor 14-(R)-hydroxyclarithromycin di...

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted great interest of the nano community and beyond. However, the biomedical applications of CNTs arouse serious concerns for their unknown in vivo consequence, in which the information of pharmacokinetics, metabolism and toxicity of CNTs is essential. In this review, we summarize the updated data of CNTs from the biomedical view. The information shows that su...

Pharmacokinetics is an important tool that is used in the conduct of both basic and applied research, and is an essential component of the drug development process. In addition, pharmacokinetics is a valuable adjunct for prescribing and evaluating drug therapy. For most clinical applications, pharmacokinetic analyses can be simplified by representing drug distribution within the body by a singl...

To date, only a few studies on the azithromycin (AZM) pharmacokinetics in ornamental birds have been published. In current study AZM concentrations domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica) plasma samples were analyzed using validated ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. The aim of was to carry out an analysis and pharmacodynamics after administration si...

Abstract: We conducted this research to determine the NAT2 gene-phenotype characteristics and pharmacokinetics (PK) parameters of isoniazid among patients with non-MDR pulmonary tuberculosis. Data were collected from 132 diagnosed newly acquired or relapsed tuberculosis treated at 03 hospitals: Hanoi Lung Hospital, Central National K74 Hospital. PK samples one day 10th – 14th after commencing t...