Contextualism in epistemology is the view that on different occasions of utterance, the English verb know expresses different propositional attitudes—attitudes that vary in the required degree or kind of justification. For terminological convenience, I will distinguish between two contextualist theses. First, there is what Iʼll call linguistic contextualism (LC). By linguistic contextualism, I ...

Abstract Mindset has been identified as an essential aspect of design and innovation, impacting both behaviours performance. However, the concept mindset is elusive. Often used indistinguishably from behaviour, diminishing complexity mechanisms cognitive processes underlying behaviour. As initial step in researching these mechanisms, we operationalise present inventory (D-Mindset0) to measure i...

In this manuscript we propose that Challenge-avoiders, also referred to as Impression Managers, are a heretofore ignored but commonly occurring player type. We consider whether and how eight very different modern games accommodate Explorers, Challenge-seekers, and Challenge-avoiders and discuss implications for entertainment and learning game design. Achievers and Explorers are player types fou...

The vast majority of work in construal level theory focuses prospectively on the future. Through a series of studies controlling for knowledge about an event, we look retrospectively at the past and demonstrate that construal mindsets can materially influence how a past event is reconstructed in memory. Specifically, an event recalled in a more concrete mindset feels subjectively closer than wh...

Research in social and cultural psychology has identified that self-construal, or the way the self is defined in relation to others, plays an important role in social decision-making processes. Yet it remains difficult to isolate the effect of self-construal in a comparative approach. Therefore, we used priming methodology in three studies to induce either an independent or interdependent minds...

The paper describes experiences from implementing a simple snake game, which can be controlled by the user’s brainwaves using the NeuroSky mindset. The NeuroSky mindset is an inexpensive Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) device allowing developers to process EEG signals that can be used to control a computer. The BCI opens for new ways for humans to interact with computers, and can be used for man...

OBJECTIVE To test whether physiological satiation as measured by the gut peptide ghrelin may vary depending on the mindset in which one approaches consumption of food. METHODS On 2 separate occasions, participants (n = 46) consumed a 380-calorie milkshake under the pretense that it was either a 620-calorie "indulgent" shake or a 140-calorie "sensible" shake. Ghrelin was measured via intraveno...

Parental belief systems can strongly influence children’s affect, behavior, and mental health. However, associations between specific kinds of parental beliefs and children’s mental health have not been thoroughly explored. One relevant belief system is parental intelligence mindset: beliefs about the malleability of intelligence. Children of parents who view intelligence as static (known as a ...