the investigations were carried out in 2007 on the fruit of 7 native early-ripening apple cultivars grown in karaj climatic conditions, harvested in two phenological stages of maturity and ripenning. the harvested samples were stored at (0 ± 0.5) c and (85 ± 5) % of humidity. the measured sensorial traits consisted in: aroma, flavor, sweetness, flesh quality and general acceptability achieved ...

Causes of cyclic fluctuations in abundance (population cycles) of some small-mammal populations remain poorly understood despite 6 decades of research and .20 hypotheses. Population cycles are demographic processes and cannot be fully explained without considering demographic mechanisms that underlie cyclic fluctuations in abundance. From simulation studies, we have recently shown that phase-re...

Effectiveness of conservation measures for diminished populations depends on the mechanism producing low abundance. In queen conch, which is heavily exploited, reproductive activity is depressed where conch density is low, which may be due to the Allee effect, poor habitat quality, or delayed functional maturity. To determine the mechanism underlying impaired reproduction in shallow seagrass be...