The chronically instrumented pregnant sheep has been used as a model of human fetal development and responses to pathophysiologic stimuli. This is due the unique amenability unanesthetized surgical placement maintenance catheters electrodes, allowing repetitive blood sampling, substance injection, recording bioelectrical activity, application electric stimulation, in vivo organ imaging. Recentl...

With long-term electrical stimulation training, paralyzed muscle can serve as an effective load delivery agent for the skeletal system. Muscle adaptations to training, however, will almost certainly outstrip bone adaptations, exposing participants in training protocols to an elevated risk for fracture. Assessing the physiological properties of the chronically paralyzed quadriceps may transmit u...

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate numerous physiological functions and represent prime therapeutic targets. Receptor trafficking upon agonist stimulation is critical for GPCR function, but examining this process in vivo remains a true challenge. Using knock-in mice expressing functional fluorescent delta opioid receptors under the control of the endogenous promoter, we visualized in v...

The relaxation effects of gardening have attracted attention; however, very few studies have researched its physiological effects on humans. This study aimed to clarify the physiological and psychological effects on high school students of viewing real and artificial pansies. Forty high school students (male: 19, female: 21) at Chiba Prefectural Kashiwanoha Senior High School, Japan, participat...

 Abstract— This study analytically addresses the problem of neuromuscular electrical stimulation for a planar, multi-layer, anisotropic model of a physiological tissue (referred to as volume conductor). Both conductivity and permittivity of the volume conductor are considered, including dispersive properties. The analytical solution is obtained in the two dimensional Fourier transform domain, ...

i ntroduction:   the  trigeminocardiac  reflex  (tcr)  refers  to  the  sudden development of bradycardia as well as asystole along with arterial hypotension associated with any manipulation of sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve. clinically, the tcr has been reported to occur during craniofacial surgery. it is crucial to learn about this sudden physiological response during maxillofacial ...

To understand the connection among brain and facial muscles, we decoded correlation of muscles activities. We applied information theory (Shannon entropy) to EEG EMG signals recorded from 12 subjects (7 M, 5 F) during rest stimulation using three odors (pineapple, banana, vanilla). The results indicated that a larger variation in molecular complexity causes signals. Therefore, muscles’ activity...

Research suggests that the combination of different non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, such as intermittent theta-burst (iTBS) and transcranial direct current (tDCS), could enhance effects stimulation. Studies investigating tDCS iTBS over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) are lacking. In this within-subjects study, we evaluated additive with on psychophysiological measures stress. ...

Reducing stress associated with technology and the use of electronics is a major issue among Chinese adults. However, no studies have investigated effect tactile stimulation feet. In this study, we psychophysiological techniques for controlling by having participants touch natural materials sole foot. The study included 90 young adults mean (±SD) age 21.2 ± 2.7 years. A crossover design was use...

The significant proportion of severe psychological problems related to intensive stress in recent large peacekeeping operations underscores the importance of effective methods for strengthening the prevention and treatment of stress-related disorders. Adaptive control of virtual reality (VR) stimulation presented in this work, based on estimation of the person's emotional state from physiologic...