the difficulty of assessing the writing skill is well known. different testing facets seem to affect the result of assessing the writing skill. in addition to the writer’s ability, the topic of the writing task, and methods of rating may contribute to the writer’s score. in this study, 50 efl learners wrote four different types of writing tasks (convincing, describing, instructing, and explaini...

Whether attention alters appearance or just changes decision criteria continues to be controversial. When subjects are forced choose which of two equal targets, one has been pre-cued, a higher contrast, they tend the cued target. This interpreted as increasing apparent contrast However, when must decide whether targets have unequal respond veridically with no effect attention. The discrepancy b...

We examined language-switching effects in French-English bilinguals using a paradigm where pictures are always named in the same language (either French or English) within a block of trials, and on each trial, the picture is preceded by a printed word from the same language or from the other language. Participants had to either make a language decision on the word or categorize it as an animal ...

Manual Cued Speech is an effective method used to enhance speech perception for hearing-impaired people. Thanks to this system, a speaker can clarify what has been said with the help of hand gestures. Seeing manual cues associated to lip shapes allows the cue receiver to identify speech elements unambiguously. A large amount of work has been devoted to Cued Speech effectiveness in visual identi...

objectives: this paper studies the effect of persian cued speech on the perception of persian language phonemes and monosyllabic words with and without sound in hearing impaired children. cued speech is a sound based mode of communication for hearing impaired people that is comprised of a limited series of hand complements and the normal pattern of speech. and it is shown that it effectively ca...

Patients with depression show an impaired ability to modulate emotional states and to process positive emotional information. Here we examined expectancy-induced modulation of emotional picture processing in major depression. We hypothesized alterations in the medial prefrontal cortex. During fMRI, 15 depressed and 21 healthy control subjects passively viewed affective photographs. Half of the ...

Two behavioral experiments assessed the plasticity and short-term improvement of task switching in 215 children and adults. Specifically, we studied manipulations of cued attention to different features of a target stimulus as a way to assess the development of cognitive flexibility. Each experiment had multiple levels of difficulty via manipulation of number of cued features (2-4) and number o...

III   This study was an attempt to determine the effect of task-based approach vs. traditional approach on the narrative and expository writing of the Iranian EFL learners. There were two control groups as well as two experimental ones in the current study. In the two control groups namely G1 and G2 narrative and expository writing were taught respectively using the traditiona...