THE hypoglycaemic effect of the sulphonylurea family of drugs was long suspected to be secondary to endogenous insulin release from the pancreatic islets. This was confirmed by Yalow et al. (1960) who showed a rise in peripheral plasma concentration of insulin after tolbutamide administration to normal subjects. More recently, Coore & Randle (1964) showed that, when isolated segments of rabbit ...

The concentrations of plasma glucose, insulin, growth hormone, and immunoreactive growth hormone-like substance in subhuman primate fetal and maternal plasma were examined after the intravascular administration of glucose, arginine, or tolbutamide to the fetus. Cannulation of interplacental vessels permitted studies on the fetus in utero without disruption of fetal-placental-maternal anatomic i...

Plasma concentrations of adiponectin, a novel adipose-specific protein with putative antiatherogenic and antiinflammatory effects, were found to be decreased in Japanese individuals with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, conditions commonly associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. To further characterize the relationship between adiponectinemia and adiposity,...

INTRODUCTION Prognostic factors in intentional insulin self-poisoning and the significance of plasma insulin levels are unclear. We therefore conducted this study to investigate prognostic factors in insulin poisoning, in relation to the value of plasma insulin concentration. METHODS We conducted a prospective study, and used logistic regression to explore prognostic factors and modelling to ...

Type 1 diabetics must inject exogenous insulin or insulin analogues one or more times daily. The timing and dosage of insulin administration have been a critical research area since the invention of insulin analogues. Several pharmacokinetical models have been proposed, and some are applied clinically in modeling various insulin therapies. However, their plasma insulin concentration must be com...

pioglitazone belongs to the thiazolidinedione (tzd) class of antidiabetic agents, with proven efficacy in increasing insulin sensitivity and in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans. pioglitazone has been proposed as a potential feed additive to reduce insulin resistance and consequently some of the metabolic disorders in transition cows. this study was aimed at determining the...

Introduction: Visfatin is predominantly secreted from visceral adipose tissue and mimics the effect of insulin by binding to insulin receptors. The purpose of the present research is to examine the effect of glucose intake on plasma visfatin concentration following an aerobic exercise session. Methods: In a quasi-experimental study, 16 male non-athlete students (21.91±2.31 yrs., 77.53...

objective(s)apelin is novel adipokine acting on apj receptor, regulated by insulin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha). plasma apelin levels are increased in obese subjects. the aim of this study was to investigate whether or not the aerobic exercise modifies the elevated plasma apelin levels in obese women.materials and methodstwenty obese women (bmi 32.2 ± 6.4 kg/m2) were selected by ...

Introduction: Many of the diseases of adulthood are originated from the intrauterine conditions during fetal life. Because of the importance of thyroid hormones in growth and development of the fetus, the effects of maternal hypothyroidism on carbohydrate metabolism in adulthood was investigated. Methods: Pregnant rats were divided into the fetal hypothyroidism (FH) and the control (C) group...

background: s-methyl cysteine (smc) is a hydrophilic cysteine-containing compound naturally found in garlic and onion. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of smc on oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance in an experiment of metabolic syndrome. methods: male wistar rats were divided into five groups (6 rats in each group), namely; control, con...