The enzyme telomerase is present in about 85% of human cancers which makes it not only a good target for cancer treatment but also an excellent marker for cancer detection. Using a single stranded DNA probe specific for telomerase binding and reverse transcription tethered to an interdigital gold electrode array surface, the chromosome protection provided by the telomerase was replicated and fo...

The plasma potential, V(p), is a key quantity in experimental plasma physics. Its spatial gradients directly yield the electrostatic field present. Emissive probes operating under space-charge limited emission conditions float close to V(p) even under time-varying conditions. Throughout their long history in plasma physics, they have mostly been constructed with resistively heated tungsten wire...

BACKGROUND The utility of cervical electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as a diagnostic tool is being investigated in clinical trials. We sought to assess the reliability of two different sizes of tetrapolar probes used in measuring cervical impedance. METHODS Cervical transfer impedance was measured at 14 frequencies between 76 and 625 000 Hz from 11 pregnant subjects at term. Repeated me...

A cold plasma switch scheme with opening and closing capabilities is reported. An externally applied magnetic field causes a low pressure hollow cathode discharge to transition from a low impedance mode sustained by oscillating beam electrons into a virtually collisionless high impedance mode. The impedance of a 10 A discharge was demonstrated to increase by 20 with the application of a field o...

This paper describes a novel 22-mm-long multi-channel microelectrode suitable for deep-brain stimulation in rodents. The platinum electrodes and conducting interconnects are insulated by silicon nitride and the mechanical support is provided by a 3-D electroplated biocompatible metallic structure. The shape of the probe has been designed to provide sufficient mechanical stiffness for accurate t...

Vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotube (VASWCNT) assemblies are generated on cysteamine and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME)-functionalized gold surfaces through amide bond formation between carboxylic groups generated at the end of acid-shortened single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and amine groups present on the gold surfaces. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging confirms the vertical ...

Electrostatic probes are widely used to measure spatial plasma parameters in the quasineutral plasma created in Hall thrusters and similar E×B electric discharge devices. Significant perturbations of the plasma, induced by such probes, can mask the actual physics involved in operation of these devices. In an attempt to reduce these perturbations in Hall thrusters, the perturbations were examine...

fabrication of a cysteamine (ca) self-assembled monolayer (sam) modified gold electrode insitufunctionalized with l-lysine (lys) is presented and described. the fabricated electrode was used forhighly selective and sensitive accumulation and the determination of copper ions (cu2+) in a nanomolarconcentration. techniques like cyclic voltammetry (cv) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ei...

non-destructive testing & evaluation methods are developed to inspect and investigate materialsand structures. ultrasonic testing is an ndt method can be used for measuring the thickness ofobjects, as one of its significant applications. the objective of this paper is designing and applyingan intelligent ut fuzzy control system for evaluating the thickness of thin metal objects in a rangeof...