With the business environment become more complex and dynamic, organizations have been faced with more pressures of competition. Organizations are often compelled to form strategic alliances with other organizations to survive and prosper. The inter-organizational arrangement can become favorable seedbed for inter-organization conflict. The participants in the strategic alliance often spend a s...

This paper generalizes the model proposed by Misra, by considering switching between political parties. In the model proposed, the movements of members from political party B to political party C and vice versa, are considered but the net movement is considered by assuming that [Formula: see text] (a constant), which implies that the movement of members is either from party B to party C or from...

according to the logic of 'weak ties' partnership organized through links with a wider range of people causes of social capital among a group of citizens will increase. so it seems, increasing participation among people, ultimately leading to increased cooperative activities among them. while the impact of social networks on political relations, much attention has been. there is very ...

the expansion of shiite activities in iraq and its development through sunni nomads is one of the main issues involved ottoman governors in the second half of the nineteenth century, during the reign of abd al-hamid ii. (1876-1909). numerous real or unreal reports about the political and cultural risks of these activities were sent by officials of baghdad to bab-i ali in istanbul, forced the ce...

21th century has been named as Participation century. Therefore, the future complicated world will request in empowering the people and their active Participation in all arena. According to this fact, the world will be able to pass the future complications just via the Participation of Active people. Among then, the Participation expansion in passing societies, which had less activities in Part...

Political researchers point to church activities as a major avenue for lower-class individuals to learn the civic skills necessary for many forms of political participation, the skills that higher-status individuals learn through education and occupation. This article tests this theory through multilevel analyses of the effects of both individual income and average congregational income on thre...

Blogs are probably most associated with the high profile postings of a few highly popular bloggers who debate or comment on major news stories, but for each ‘A-lister’ there are numerous faceless bloggers who write about their own daily lives and/or interests. Hence it is interesting to investigate the extent to which an event with extensive media coverage, such as the London attacks, is reflec...