We have successfully employed femtosecond laser to craft microstructures on polymeric substrate to imbed micro-mixiers. Since the laser pulse is ultra-short, the heat affected zone is not significant. Therefore the thermal melting damage is not as severe as that using continuous carbon dioxide laser. As a result, using femtosecond laser the fabrications of reproducible and defined micro-structu...

The biosynthetic enzymes involved in wall teichoic acid biogenesis in gram-positive bacteria have been the subject of renewed investigation in recent years with the benefit of modern tools of biochemistry and genetics. Nevertheless, there have been only limited investigations into the enzymes that glycosylate wall teichoic acid. Decades-old experiments in the model gram-positive bacterium, Baci...

Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD) offers the ability to tailor the chemistry of films with polymeric structure. In particular, HFCVD allows for more control over precursor fragmentation pathways than conventional plasma-enhanced CVD (PECVD). HFCVD uses thermal activation in the gas phase to generate reactive species, and allows independent control of the substrate temperature to be...

A straightforward synthetic methodology for the preparation of photochromic siloles based on dithienylethene motif is developed. It relies upon an efficient palladium-catalyzed annulation reaction a 2,3-bis(3-thienyl)-silirene with terminal alkynes in mild conditions. The functional group-tolerant and can be performed high yields variety alkynes. even extended to polymeric polypropargylmethacry...

The biosynthetic enzymes involved in wall teichoic acid biogenesis in Grampositive bacteria have been the subject of renewed investigation in recent years with the benefit of modem tools of biochemistry and genetics. Nevertheless, there have been only limited investigations into the enzymes that glycosylate wall teichoic acid. Decades-old experiments in the model Gram-positive bacterium, Bacill...

Joule heating is a significant problem in electrokinetically driven microfluidic chips, particularly polymeric systems where low thermal conductivities amplify the difficulty in rejecting this internally generated heat. In this work, a combined experimental (using a microscale thermometry technique) and numerical (using a 3D "whole-chip" finite element model) approach is used to examine Joule h...