We disagree with the conclusions reached by Bhushan et al. (5) in their study comparing different methods of coating enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plates for estimation of group B Streptococcus type III (GBS III) polysaccharide-specific antibody concentrations in human serum. We believe that interpretation of the data as suggested in their paper could lead to serious errors in the u...

Biofilms comprise diverse bacteria and fungi with slime material, especially in humid conditions. The surface of the heat ventilation air conditioning (HVAC) system, at evaporator, is high moisture conditions due to compression relaxation refrigerant. electrically polarized molecules, which include polysaccharide, DNA, liposome, amino acids. Thus, when an electric field applied biofilms, create...

Biofouling impedes the performance of membrane bioreactors. In this study, we investigated the antifouling effects of polysulfone membranes that were modified by 1,2,3-triazole and palladium (Pd) nanoparticles. The modified membranes were evaluated for antibacterial and antifouling efficacy in a monoculture species biofilm (i.e., drip flow biofilm reactor, DFR) and mixed species biofilm experim...

Lignocellulose is a generic term for describing the main constituents in most plants, namely cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. Lignocellulose is a complex matrix, comprising many different polysaccharides, phenolic polymers and proteins. Cellulose, the major component of cell walls of land plants, is a glucan polysaccharide containing large reservoirs of energy that provide real potential ...

introduction: biofilm forming staphylococcus epidermidis is a main causative agent of infections related to medical devices. purification and evaluation of gly-ta polysaccharide from a biofilm-forming s. epidermidis as a putative vaccine candidate were the main goals of the current study. methods: taking advantage of size exclusion chromatography procedure, glycerol teichoic acid (gly-ta) was p...

The aim of this study was to develop a temperature-induced polyethylene glycol (PEG) water phase/polysaccharide water-phase emulsion approach for preparing interferon alpha-2b (IFNα-2b)-loaded polysaccharide nanoparticles. IFNα-2b was first added to a mixture of an aqueous solution of PEG and polysaccharide. The mixture solution was stirred in a magnetic stirrer at a rate of 2000 rpm for 45 sec...

An early step in crown gall tumor formation involves the attachment of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to host plant cells. A. tumefaciens C58::A205 (C58 attR) is a Tn3HoHo1 insertion mutant that was found to be avirulent on Bryophyllum daigremontiana and unable to attach to carrot suspension cells. The mutation mapped to an open reading frame encoding a putative protein of 247 amino acids which has ...

A novel constituent of bacterial polysaccharides, 2,3,4-triacetamido-2,3,4-trideoxy-L-arabinose, was found in the O-specific polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of Psychrobacter cryohalolentis K5(T) and identified by 1D and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR studies of the polysaccharide and a disaccharide obtained by solvolysis of the polysaccharide with triflic acid. The following structure of the ...

Dendrobium officinale is a traditional Chinese medicine and nourishing food in China. Polysaccharide content was used as criterion for evaluating the quality of D. officinale. At present, epiphytic cultivation main method In present study, collected under various growing conditions to compare its polysaccharide an attempt discover most favorable officinale, which can be guide artificial product...

Here, the immunomodulatory effects of water-soluble polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa on RAW264.7 macrophages and its molecular mechanisms were investigated. G. frondosa polysaccharide could obviously enhance immunostimulatory activity such as the release of nitric oxide and cytokine production. Western blotting results showed that G. frondosa polysaccharide elevated the TLR4, which might ac...